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Type 1 wheels shall be mounted between flanges. (i) Both flanges, of any type, between which a wheel is mounted, shall be of the same diameter and have equal bearing surface. (13) Revolving double arbor saws shall be fully guarded in accordance with all the requirements for circular crosscut saws or with all the requirements for circular ripsaws, according to the kind of saws mounted on the arbors. (35) Interlocked press barrier guard means a barrier attached to the press frame and interlocked so that the press stroke cannot be started normally unless the guard itself, or its hinged or movable sections, enclose the point of operation. Limitation: Rim height, T dimension, is generally equal to or greater than rim thickness, W dimension. (2) Calender means a machine equipped with two or more metal rolls revolving in opposite directions and used for continuously sheeting or plying up rubber and plastics compounds and for frictioning or coating materials with rubber and plastics compounds. (ii) The inside diameter of the band shall not be more than 1 inch larger than the outside diameter of the wheel, and shall be mounted as nearly concentric with the wheel as practicable. Materials should be placed on the conveyor so that they will ride safely. The objective of the certification/validation program is to demonstrate and document that the system satisfies specification and operational requirements for safe operations. Showing movable guard with opening small enough to give required protection for smallest size wheel used. Grinding is always performed on rim face, W dimension. Conveyor Safety When used incorrectly, they can be dangerous. The analysis reports should identify: (1) The basis for the analysis; (2) the hardware or software items analyzed; (3) conclusions; (4) safety factors; and (5) limit of the analysis. (58) Unitized tooling means a type of die in which the upper and lower members are incorporated into a selfcontained unit so arranged as to hold the die members in alignment. (1) The upper hood shall completely enclose the upper portion of the blade down to a point that will include the end of the saw arbor. (2) Each swing cutoff saw shall be provided with an effective device to return the saw automatically to the back of the table when released at any point of its travel. (ii) Maximum hole size for cutting-off wheels should not be larger than 14-wheel diameter. Nor would it be necessary to repeat these tests in the case of modifications where determined by the manufacturer and validated by the third-party validation organization to be equivalent by similarity analysis. (2) Foot operated devices. (ii) The following checks shall be made at the beginning of each shift and whenever a die change is made. (1) Machine guarding. (34) Fixed barrier guard means a die space barrier attached to the press frame. Rivet making with less than 1-inch diameter is usually a cold forging operation, and therefore not included in this subpart. (d) Each pull-out device in use shall be visually inspected and checked for proper adjustment at the start of each operator shift, following a new die set-up, and when operators are changed. Collars. Inclined and vertical shafts, particularly inclined idler shafts, shall be securely held in position against endwise thrust. (i) The clutch shall release and the brake shall be applied when the external clutch engaging means is removed, deactivated, or deenergized. Air controlling equipment shall be protected against foreign material and water entering the pneumatic system of the press. (41) Knockout means a mechanism for releasing material from either die. Unless a 6-foot 6-inch headroom clearance is provided, employees shall not be permitted to pass under conveyors. ), (9) Exposure adjustment. (iii) Special handtools for placing and removing material shall be such as to permit easy handling of material without the operator placing a hand in the danger zone. Minor modifications not affecting the safety of the system may be made by the manufacturer without revalidation. If, after review of the application, any additional information, and the inspection report, the applicant and any validating laboratory appear to have met the requirements for recognition, a written recommendation shall be submitted by the responsible OSHA personnel to the Assistant Secretary to approve the application with a supporting explanation. (v) All clutch/brake control electrical circuits shall be protected against the possibility of an accidental ground in the control circuit causing false operation of the press. Necessary maintenance or repair or both shall be performed and completed before the press is operated. (iii) Type of clutch used on the press (full revolution, part revolution, or direct drive). 1910.26 Dockboards. Analysis: We suggest conveyor safety nets and other safe guards for overhead conveyors, even those with relatively light loads, unless the conveyor is guarded by location. (1) Guards. (vi) Electrical clutch/brake control circuits shall incorporate features to minimize the possibility of an unintended stroke in the event of the failure of a control component to function properly, including relays, limit switches, and static output circuits. 2. The stop control shall override any other control, and reactuation of the clutch shall require use of the operating (tripping) means which has been selected. (ii) Type 27 and Type 28 wheels, because of their shape and usage, require specially designed adaptors. 1910.104 Oxygen. e-CFR 1910.219 (a) General requirements. If you have questions for the Agency that issued the current document please contact the agency directly. (ii) Where suspended counterweights are used and not guarded by location, they shall be so encased as to prevent accident. (A) Presence sensing devices used as supplemental safeguarding shall not initiate a press stroke, and shall conform to the requirements of paragraph (c)(3)(iii) and other applicable provisions of this section, except that the safety distance shall comply with paragraph (h)(9)(v) of this section. 3. 1910.303 General. The maximum exposure angles specified in paragraphs (b) (3) through (8) of this section shall not be exceeded. (eg: The use of belt poles as substitutes for mechanical shifters is not recommended. Gears shall be guarded in accordance with one of the following methods: (ii) By a standard guard as described in paragraph (o) of this section, at least seven (7) feet high extending six (6) inches above the mesh point of the gears; or. All revolving collars, including split collars, shall be cylindrical, and screws or bolts used in collars shall not project beyond the largest periphery of the collar. The hood shall be made of adequate strength to resist blows and strains incidental to reasonable operation, adjusting, and handling, and shall be so designed as to protect the operator from flying splinters and broken saw teeth. (5) Modified types 6 and 11 wheels (terrazzo) mean some type 6 and 11 cup wheels used in the terrazzo trade having tapered K dimensions to match a special tapered flange furnished by the machine builder. 1910.103 Hydrogen. Certification/Validation Program Requirements. The spreader shall be slightly thinner than the saw kerf and slightly thicker than the saw disk. Both types are reinforced, organic bonded wheels having offset hubs which permit side and peripheral grinding operations without interference with the mounting. guide. (v) The sweep device may not be used for point of operation safeguarding. (2) The report shall include the following information: (i) Employer's name, address and location of the workplace (establishment). "They . The fourth regulation in OSHA standard 1910.178(g) requires a "conveyor, overhead hoist, or equivalent material handling equipment" to assist workers in moving forklift batteries. 1910.504Mini Respiratory Protection Program. (xiii) The clutch/brake control shall automatically deactivate in event of failure of the power or pressure supply for the clutch engaging means. On both sides of the calender and near each end of the face of the roll, there shall be a cable or wire center cord connected to the safety trip. 1910.1003 13 Carcinogens (4-Nitrobiphenyl, etc.). A recognized validation organization may apply to OSHA for an expansion of its current recognition to cover other categories of PSDI certification/validation in addition to those included in the current recognition. (1) Collars. General. d. Tests designed by the manufacturer shall be made available upon request to the validation organization. In lieu of such yielding sectional rolls, suitable section kickback finger devices shall be provided at the infeed end. (14) Holdout or restraint device means a mechanism, including attachments for operator's hands, that when anchored and adjusted prevent the operator's hands from entering the point of operation. SOURCE: 39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, unless otherwise noted. FAR). The major parts, components and subsystems used shall be defined by part number or serial number, as appropriate, and by manufacturer to establish the configuration of the system. 1910.107 Spray finishing using flammable and combustible materials. (2) Belt shifter means a device for mechanically shifting belts from tight to loose pulleys or vice versa, or for shifting belts on cones of speed pulleys. (6) Part revolution clutch means a type of clutch that can be disengaged at any point before the crankshaft has completed a full revolution and the press slide a full stroke. (4) Each hand-fed jointer with horizontal cutting head shall have a guard which will cover the section of the head back of the gage or fence. (4) Any automatic cutoff saw that strokes continuously without the operator being able to control each stroke shall not be used. (6) Maintenance runway means any permanent runway or platform used for oiling, maintenance, running adjustment, or repair work, but not for passageway. If such guard is constructed of sheet metal, the material used shall be not less than 116 inch in thickness, and if cast iron is used, it shall be not less than three-sixteenths inch in thickness. Conveyors are safe when used correctly, but they can be dangerous, and even deadly, if workers fail to follow safety procedures when working on or around them. (i) Point of operation devices shall protect the operator by: (a) Preventing and/or stopping normal stroking of the press if the operator's hands are inadvertently placed in the point of operation; or, (b) Preventing the operator from inadvertently reaching into the point of operation, or withdrawing his hands if they are inadvertently located in the point of operation, as the dies close; or, (c) Preventing the operator from inadvertently reaching into the point of operation at all times; or, (e) Requiring application of both of the operator's hands to machine operating controls and locating such controls at such a safety distance from the point of operation that the slide completes the downward travel or stops before the operator can reach into the point of operation with his hands; or, (f) Enclosing the point of operation before a press stroke can be initiated, and maintaining this closed condition until the motion of the slide had ceased; or. (4) The mention of specific machines in paragraphs (a) thru (q) and this paragraph (r) of this section, inclusive, is not intended to exclude other woodworking machines from the requirement that suitable guards and exhaust hoods be provided to reduce to a minimum the hazard due to the point of operation of such machines. b. While the employer is responsible for assuring that the certification/validation requirements in 1910.217(h)(11) are fulfilled, the design certification of PSDI safety systems may be initiated by manufacturers, employers, and/or their representatives. [39 FR 23502, June 27, 1974, as amended at 49 FR 5323, Feb. 10, 1984; 51 FR 34561, Sept. 29, 1986; 61 FR 9240, Mar. Wherever flywheels are above working areas, guards shall be installed having sufficient strength to hold the weight of the flywheel in the event of a shaft or wheel mounting failure. a. [Reserved] It should also be noted that organic bonded wheels do not emit the same clear metallic ring as do vitrified and silicate wheels. a. (1) Safety-bit chucks with no projecting set screws shall be used. (b) The device may not be used as a tripping means to initiate slide motion, except when used in total conformance with paragraph (h) of this section. (1) Mechanical forging presses. Higher pressures may be permitted, however, to increase clutch torque to free jammed dies, provided positive measures are provided to prevent the higher pressure at other times. A. Certification/validation of hardware design below the system level should be accomplished by test and/or analysis. 1910.420 Safe practices manual. 1910.111 Storage and handling of anhydrous ammonia. The safety guard shall be mounted so as to maintain proper alignment with the wheel, and the strength of the fastenings shall exceed the strength of the guard, except: (i) Safety guards on all operations where the work provides a suitable measure of protection to the operator, may be so constructed that the spindle end, nut, and outer flange are exposed; and where the nature of the work is such as to entirely cover the side of the wheel, the side covers of the guard may be omitted; and. However, where an operator must do many operations outside the press, such as lubricating, trimming, deburring, etc., a longer interval up to 30 seconds is permitted. 1910.136 Foot protection. 1910.124 General requirements for dipping and coating operations. (3) Conveyors. Such supplemental safeguarding shall consist of either additional light curtain (photo-electric) presence sensing devices or other types of guards which meet the requirements of paragraphs (c) and (h) of this section. All applications submitted will be accepted by OSHA, and their receipt acknowledged in writing. 1910.241 Definitions. (2) Push stick means a narrow strip of wood or other soft material with a notch cut into one end and which is used to push short pieces of material through saws. The validation organization or validating laboratory shall maintain a record of each certification/validation of a PSDI safety system, including manufacturer and/or employer certification documentation, test and working data, test report, certification/validation report, any follow-up inspections or testing, and reports of equipment failures, any reports of accidents involving the equipment, and any other pertinent information. (4) The Assistant Secretary shall review the record, the decision by the administrative law judge, and the exceptions. Where light curtain object sensitivity is user-adjustable, either discretely or continuously, design features shall limit the minimum object sensitivity adjustment not to exceed one and one-fourth inches (31.75 mm). 1910.133 Eye and face protection. (56) Turnover bar means a bar used in die setting to manually turn the crankshaft of the press. The maximum angular exposure of the grinding wheel periphery and sides for safety guards used on grinders known as automatic snagging machines shall not exceed 180 and the top half of the wheel shall be enclosed at all times. Mechanical and electrical equipment and auxiliaries shall be installed in accordance with this section and subpart S of this part. 1910.36 Design and construction requirements for exit routes. Each continuous line of shafting shall be secured in position against excessive endwise movement. Vertical and inclined shafting seven (7) feet or less from floor or working platform, excepting maintenance runways, shall be enclosed with a stationary casing in accordance with requirements of paragraphs (m) and (o) of this section. 1910.254 Arc welding and cutting. The unused run of the sanding belt shall be guarded against accidental contact. 1910.5 Applicability of standards. They shall be continuous, the ends being either riveted, bolted, or welded together in such a manner as to leave the inside free from projections. The procedures shall be based on pertinent OSHA standards and test methods, or other publicly available standards and test methods generally recognized as appropriate in the field, such as national consensus standards or published standards of professional societies or trade associations.