"[88], On September 6, 2017, demonstrators chanted and made noise with drums, pots and pans, birthday party horns, and "anything they could get their hands on" in front of South Building, where Chancellor Folt's office is. "The civic, economic, emotional, and cultural well-being of our community, as well as the university's educational mission, will suffer continued damage by the presence of the monument on McCorkle Place. While we respect that protesters have the right to demonstrate, they do not have the right to damage state property. They said they would release the email to The Daily Tar Heel, the campus newspaper, if she did not reply first. Now, the fate of Silent Sam is once again uncertain. Their stated intent was "disrupt[ing] business as usual", and they unusuccessfully asked Chancellor Folt to listen to their reasons why they felt Silent Sam should be removed. [205] In a September poll, 76% of swing voters and 93% of Republicans disapproved of the toppling; as did 44% of Democrats, versus 41% who approved. Protests and calls to remove the monument reached a higher profile in the 2010s, and in 2018, UNC Chancellor Carol L. Folt described the monument as detrimental to the university,[14][15] and said that she would have the statue removed if not prohibited by state law. A guide to primary sources held in the University Archives and other Wilson Library collections about the planning and dedication of Silent Sam and … During 2017–2018, the UNC Police Department used an undercover police officer to gain information on the activities of campaigners against Silent Sam. Many of the resources listed here have been digitized and are available for easy access online. The statue was toppled by protesters, and later that night removed to a secure location by university authorities. Police stand guard after the confederate statue known as Silent Sam was toppled by protesters on campus at the University of North Carolina in Chapel Hill, N.C., Monday, Aug. 20, 2018. The Silent Sam statue was erected to honor alumni of the university who fought for the Confederacy during the Civil War. [201], On February 12, 2020, after the statue and money had been handed over to the SCV, Orange County Superior Court Judge Allen Baddour, who had originally approved the settlement, overturned it, noting that the deal had been agreed before the lawsuit existed, and ruling that the Sons of Confederate Veterans "lacked standing" for the suit. The September 11 meeting had over 75 participants and was moved to the Chapel Hill Public Library. It's not properly contextualized. [124], On University Day, October 12, 2018, Chancellor Folt issued an apology for the university's connections to slavery, saying: "I reaffirm our university's commitment to facing squarely and working to right the wrongs of history so they are never again inflicted".[134]. [17][18], The UNC-Chapel Hill Board of Trustees made a recommendation in December 2018 for a new "University History and Education Center" to be built on campus, at an estimated cost of $5.3 million,[19][20][21] but this was rejected by the university system's Board of Governors. UNC eventually had to give $500 to reach the contracted total of $7,500. 1 by FLOCK (zine) "[67], The same day, UNC chancellor Carol Folt, UNC president Margaret Spellings, UNC board-of-governors chairman Lou Bissette, and UNC trustee chairman Haywood Cochrane wrote to Governor Roy Cooper,[73] warning of "significant safety and security threats"[74][75] concerning Silent Sam: "it is only a matter of time before an attempt is made to pull down Silent Sam in much the same manner we saw in Durham ... An attempt may occur at any time. [186], On September 4, 2018, a letter from 450 UNC faculty members, supporting Folt's preference for relocating the statue, was sent to the Board of Governors, Board of Trustees, and key administrators. [84], The UNC Board of Governors also criticized Folt for her request of the Governor, saying that the request "was a 'wholly unacceptable' unilateral decision by Spellings and Bissette". [103][104] She was arrested and charged with defacing a public statue, with a court date of August 20. [56] A UNC history professor, Dr. Harry Watson, said that he believed the monument represented an important part of history but that its glorification promoted a false conception of the Civil War. [79] Chanting "Hey, hey. [116] "People [were] screaming and jumping in disbelief. Its presence continues to legitimize and incite violence, dehumanization, and oppression. The University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill is poised to set a national example of allowing lawful protest while protecting free speech. [142] Eight persons, all of whom had been arrested, signed a document alleging police misconduct at the September 8 protest. The Real Silent Sam Coalition; PRIMARY SOURCES Activist Organizations – Past & PResent. Some of these protests led to arrests for assault, resisting arrest, and inciting a public disturbance. [50] In 1997, a Martin Luther King Jr. Day march focusing on issues facing UNC housekeepers ended at the monument. Its former location has been described as "the front door" of the university[1] and "a position of honor". [118] Holding signs and chanting "stand up, fight back" and "This is what democracy looks like", some protesters stamped on the statue or tried to cover it with dirt. Wilson used a northerner, Harold Langlois, a Boston man, as his model. [138], At an earlier September 5 meeting on the campus, "residents" asked the town to reconsider its relationship with the Greensboro Police Department, whose Special Operations Division was called in to assist with crowd control during the August 30 protest. I performed the pleasing duty in the immediate presence of the entire garrison, and for thirty nights afterwards slept with a double-barrel shot gun under my head. [118] In contrast with the 2017 rally, police stayed in the background,[68] and video of the protest was reported as showing police moving away from the monument shortly before protesters pulled it down. Mayor of Chapel Hill Pam Hemminger had written the university on August 17, 2017, requesting that Silent Sam be moved (see above). The actions or inaction on August 20, 2018, of the UNC Campus Police and the Chapel Hill Police Department, which differed from their actions at the 2017 protest,[68] have been the subject of many comments. the present generation ... scarcely takes note of what the Confederate soldier meant to the welfare of the Anglo Saxon race during the four years immediately succeeding the war ... Their courage and steadfastness saved the very life of the Anglo Saxon race in the South. San Jose to light up and go silent for COVID-19 memorial Tuesday night Prominent buildings and sports stadiums across the city will be lit up in solidarity. ... "The letter exuded a weakness and hand wringing that does not accurately reflect the Board's opinion about how the potential of campus unrest should be treated", said the letter, which was dated August 22. The university also agreed to fund an independent charitable trust — with $2.5 million in money not from the state — to be used for care and preservation of the statue. [63] They were met by three times as many counterdemonstrators, "most of them students". CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (, University of North Carolina at Chapel Hill, Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture and History, Cultural History Artifact Management and Patriotism Act of 2015, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials#Virginia, Center for the Study of the American South, civil rights demonstrators of the 1950s and 1960s, University of North Carolina at Charlotte, List of Confederate monuments and memorials, Monument and memorial controversies in the United States, Removal of Confederate monuments and memorials, "Hundreds of UNC faculty members urge officials not to restore Silent Sam statue to its original location", "Scholars Explain The Racist History Of UNC's Silent Sam Statue", "Transcription: Julian Carr's Speech at the Dedication of Silent Sam", "Folder 128: Speeches and Essays on Education: Scan 1", "Folder 128: Speeches and Essays on Education: Scan 2", "[Mary Lyde Williams' speech at the dedication of Confederate Monument]", "FADELESS GLORY OF BRAVE YOUNG BLOOD: Monument to University's Soldier Sons Unveiled at Chapel Hill. If you have questions or comments about this guide or the resources listed, please contact Wilson Library: wilsonlibrary@unc.edu. Cooper gives UNC green light to remove 'Silent Sam', UNC holds off, citing 2015 law", "UNC board members criticize leaders' handling of Silent Sam statue", "Noisy protest of Silent Sam statue targets chancellor", "After Duke incident, rival UNC considers whether to remove Confederate statue", "AG Stein wants Confederate monuments down or moved; awaits request for advisory opinion on law", "Top lawmaker says no plans to change NC law protecting Confederate monuments", "NC Historical Commission Agrees To Keep 3 Confederate Monuments On Capitol Grounds, Reinterpret Them", "UNC's Chancellor Is a Consensus Builder. Maintaining this monument undercuts the value of equality protected by North Carolina law and the United States Constitution. [2], Establishing a Confederate monument at a Southern university became a goal of the North Carolina chapter of the United Daughters of the Confederacy (UDC) in 1907. UNC approved the group's request in 1908 and, with funding from UNC alumni, the UDC and the university, Wilson designed the statue, using a young Boston man as his model. In a statement on February 27, "the group said they received word...that Folt is preparing to ask Gov. Students, faculty, administrators, and alumni have debated, often passionately, about the original intent of the monument and its purpose and meaning for UNC today. It stated that the University was not making any proposal on Silent Sam to the Commission at that time. ... As educators, we have an obligation to continue the work of dismantling systemic racism. [119] WUNC Managing Editor Dave DeWitt, who was present, called it "a well-planned and executed effort".[121]. [188], The Administrative Board of the Library stated publicly that it did not want the statue in any university library, and recommended that it go to a location such as Raleigh's North Carolina Museum of History. This website is a guide to primary sources, held in the University Archives and other Wilson Library collections, about the planning and dedication of Silent Sam and the discussion surrounding the monument in the years since. "The possibility of a breach of the peace is high, and with it the likelihood that Silent Sam could suffer substantial damage."[70]. 1: Dedication of the UNC Confederate Monument "Silent Sam," 1913; 2: Activism of the Black Student Movement, 1967-1969; 3: Murders of James Lewis Cates and William Earl Murphy, 1970-1971; 4: "The Student Body" Statue Controversy, 1990-1991; 5: Freedom Legacy Project, 1995-2001 The hyperbolic characterization of Silent Sam's toppling as 'lawlessness' and 'mob action' by Chancellor Folt and UNC System leaders demonstrates a purposeful, obdurate disregard for historical and social context. It's thundering and starting to rain. [65], On January 12, 2016, UNC police arrested a man for "spray-painting a message on Silent Sam". We believe it was time to act in ridding the UNC campus of a very public Silent Sam.... We support placing a placard in place of the statue, reminding us of what once stood there and what it stood for.". [189][190], On August 28, 41 department chairs in the College of Arts and Sciences sent a letter to Chancellor Folt opposing the return of Silent Sam to its pedestal or any prominent location on campus. Without that blood on the statue, it's incomplete, in my opinion. The protest had been billed as a rally in support of graduate student Maya Little,[114] whose original court appearance for defacing the monument was scheduled for that day. With this new law, it is relatively easy for many individuals to speculate about its meaning or offer possible loopholes as ways to operate around the law. Silent Sam was based off unarmed Union soldier Daniel A. Bean, Wilson created a "silent" statue by not including a cartridge box on the Confederate soldier's belt so he cannot fire his gun. [108] The stated audience the billboards were intended to reach — thus the Raleigh locations — were the members of the North Carolina Historical Commission. He did not wait until a convenient time to speak or act. For nearly half that time, the monument has been the subject of controversy. Confederate private Sam Watkins gives a firsthand account of the "Dead Angle" at the Battle of Kennesaw Mountain during the American Civil War. Ours is the task to build a State worthy of all patriotism and heroic deeds, a State that demands justice for herself and all her people, a State sounding with the music of victorious industry, a State whose awakened conscience shall lead the State to evolve from the forces of progress a new social order, with finer development for all conditions and classes of our people. [25], The university subsequently sought help from the judge to recover the statue and money from the SCV. Developed by the University Archives at UNC Chapel Hill, 2016. [27] University president David Lowry Swain had petitioned the Confederacy to exclude students in their final two years from conscription, and this was granted in 1863, but revoked a year later. As of September 7, 2018, only one person had been charged with participating in the actual toppling of the Silent Sam statue. [66], Already in August 2017, it was reported that Silent Sam "has been vandalized multiple times in recent years". The refreshed statue was put back in place six months later. The University Band played Dixie while "students formally accepted the monument",[41] and the program concluded with a rendition by a quartet of "Tenting on the Old Camp Ground".[12][40]. [31], In 2003, Gerald Horne, at that time director of the Sonja Haynes Stone Center for Black Culture and History, in a letter to The Daily Tar Heel, called the monument "an eyesore". She described her action as "provid[ing] context": "This statue, Silent Sam, was built on white supremacy. [141] The Police Department has confirmed this and defended what they did as "intelligence gathering". [136][137][138][139] At a hearing on September 20, one person's charge was dropped, and that of another person was to be dropped following completion of community service.[136]. The university declined to confirm or deny the report. [106] Faculty in the History Department issued a statement supporting her. "[78] As put on a separate occasion, "UNC ... doesn't agree that it's received the green light by anyone with authority to relocate the statue. [24] However, in February 2020 the settlement was overturned by the judge who originally approved it, who ruled that the SCV lacked standing to bring the lawsuit. [126] (See Flaggers.) [13] A story developed that "Sam" would fire his gun if a virgin walked by, but never did (he was silent) because he never saw any. These statues symbolize the violence toward Black people. was held at the new Peace and Justice Plaza on Franklin Street. [142], On September 20, 2018, about 75 demonstrators in front of South Building protested "police brutality" and what they called "targeting, harassing, and spying on anti-racist protesters. In September 2019, a student reporter found what appeared to be the statue and pedestal under tarpaulins in a storage yard on the UNC campus. Silent Sam Is Her Greatest Test", "More UNC Faculty Join Call to Remove Silent Sam", "UNC student arrested after hundreds protest at UNC-Chapel Hill Silent Sam monument", "UNC Chancellor Emeritus: Leaving Silent Sam in Place is 'Untenable, "UNC Choosing Not to Bring Silent Sam Petition to NC Historical Commission on Friday", "Undersigned Faculty Statement on Silent Sam", "UNC Grad Student Charged with Defacing Silent Sam", "That 'auto mechanic' at the Silent Sam protests wasn't a mechanic, activists discover", "Violence at Silent Sam? — UNC's mail ran the gamut", "Folt, McCracken receive dozens of emails and voicemails after toppling of Silent Sam", "This plane flew a Confederate flag over UNC. [101], On April 30, 2018, Maya Little defaced the statue, which she called "a symbol of UNC's commitment to white supremacy",[92] with a mixture of red ink (some sources say paint) and her own blood. "[78] The danger was not just the physical risks of taking such a heavy object off a pedestal, it was the probable confrontations between pro- and anti-Confederate demonstrators from outside the University. ", Alumni and the general public: According to the, The UNC undergraduate student government executive branch posted a letter to all students, saying "the African-American activists had 'courage and resilience' and had 'corrected a moral and historical wrong that needed to be righted if we were ever to move forward as a university. Silent Sam honors Confederate soldiers who died in the Civil War. As CBS 17 previously reported, the Sons of Confederate Veterans filed a lawsuit against UNC […] On the night of August 20, 2018, the day before the 2018–19 academic year began, another "Remove Silent Sam" rally was held,[16] beginning with speakers at 7 P.M. BSM’s 1968 23 Demands; BSM’s 1997 22 Additional Demands; Carolina Indian Circle; Mi Pueblo; Real Silent Sam Coalition; Students for Justice in Palestine; Take Action Chapel Hill; Silence Sam; EMPHEMERA. [198] It was removed by Dropbox due to a complaint of violation of the DMCA,[199] but subsequently republished by news sources. [59], In late July 2015, the North Carolina General Assembly passed SL 2015–170, the Cultural History Artifact Management and Patriotism Act of 2015, which states that "An object of remembrance [defined as "monument, memorial, or work of art"] located on public property may not be permanently removed". Police, who cordoned off the area around the pedestal, arrested one person who concealed his or her face in the public protest (prohibited in North Carolina). [2][3][16] A statement from Chancellor Folt said the statue's original location was "a cause for division and a threat to public safety," and that she was seeking input on a plan for a "safe, legal and alternative" new location. It does allow an object to be permanently relocated, provided that it is "relocated to a site of similar prominence, honor, visibility, availability, and access, ...within the boundaries of the jurisdiction from which it was relocated." The statue was surrounded by police in riot gear. [28] Swain was able to keep the university open throughout the war by educating the few students unable to fight—those too young to enlist, exempt because of ill health, or discharged because of war injuries[29]—though the senior class in the spring of 1865 had only one student. "UNC student says she found Confederate Silent Sam statue, but school won't confirm", "UNC Chapel Hill's handling of Silent Sam could be election issue", "Former UNC chancellor opposes returning Silent Sam to pedestal", "Message from Chancellor Carol L. Folt on the Confederate Monument", "UNC fundraising leaders say Silent Sam threatens safety, reputation of university", "Chamber says Chapel Hill's reputation, economy at stake as Silent Sam protests mount", "UNC library board says Silent Sam doesn't belong in Wilson or any of its libraries", "Almost half of UNC Libraries staff signed statement against Silent Sam being placed in any branch", "Clergy say returning Silent Sam to same spot would affirm white supremacy", "Town to UNC: Silent Sam, an 'offense to entire Chapel Hill community,' must be moved", "To reinstall Silent Sam would 'herald for the nation and for the world that UNC is not a welcoming place for black people, "Letter written by Black faculty on Silent Sam receives support", "Silent Sam should not return to UNC campus, faculty council says", "Silent Sam will stay off the University of North Carolina campus as the school turns the statue over to a Confederate group", https://indyweek.com/news/orange/unc-board-of-governors-silent-sam-sons-of-confederate-veterans/#.XeRMoLqrjOQ.twitter, https://boingboing.net/2019/12/02/scv-dmca.html, https://www.dailytarheel.com/article/2019/12/sam-settlement-secrets, "Toppled but Not Gone: U.N.C. "Returning the statue to the UNC-Chapel Hill campus would reaffirm the values of white supremacy that motivated its original installation," the resolution said. This website is a guide to primary sources, held in the University Archives and other Wilson Library collections, about the planning and dedication of Silent Sam and the discussion surrounding the monument in the years since. [35] Like the earlier sculpture, Wilson used a northerner, Harold Langlois of Boston, as his model. The inscriptions are in all capital letters but are rendered here in sentence case for ease of reading. "[111], UNC had begun developing alternate signs and an interactive tour meant to place Silent Sam in context and tell the "true" history of UNC. Following the assassination of Martin Luther King Jr. in 1968, the monument was vandalized with orange, green, red, and yellow iridescent paint,[31][46] including a hammer and sickle. ", Olin T. Binkley Memorial Baptist Church: "Racism is still not eradicated in this day. The trust would then be dissolved. 'ALL Veterans Matter,' organizer says", "Our View: Let Silent Sam's legacy be solutions", "It was past time to remove UNC's Silent Sam", "Enough with the empty gestures surrounding Silent Sam", "EDITORIAL: UNC students were right to remove Silent Sam", "Silent Sam' a symbol for the past, and the future", "North Carolina refused to act on Confederate statues. [ 26 ] Raising funds to pay for the 50th anniversary of the Confederacy about Silent Sam ) '' ``... History Department issued a statement supporting her, all of whom had been arrested, signed a document alleging misconduct... Women of state Raise statue to Youthful chivalry during 2017–2018, the fate of Silent Sam is first recorded 1954. To continue the work of dismantling systemic racism undated, early 20th-century postcard alumni.... 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