Rolf Recknagel conducted research into it in 1976, and Karl Guthke in 1982. The main character of the novel is again Gerard Gales, a sailor who, having lost his documents, virtually forfeits his identity, the right to normal life and home country and, consequently, is forced to work as a stoker's helper in extremely difficult conditions on board a "death ship" (meaning a coffin ship), which sails on suspicious voyages around the European and African coasts. [6], The writer with the pen name B. Traven appeared on the German literary scene in 1925, when the Berlin daily Vorwärts, the organ of the Social Democratic Party of Germany, published the first short story signed with this pseudonym on 28 February. At this point, the mysterious behaviour of the writer and his alleged agent made a many of the crew members believe that Croves was Traven in disguise. The results of their research were published in a documentary broadcast by the BBC on 19 December 1978 and in Wyatt's book The Man who Was B. Traven (U.S. title The Secret of the Sierra Madre),[17] which appeared in 1980. The problem is made even more complex by the fact that Traven's books published in English are full of Germanisms whereas those published in German full of Anglicisms. See all books authored by B. Traven, including Der Schatz der Sierra Madre, and The Rebellion of the Hanged, and more on ThriftBooks.com. The film, starring Humphrey Bogart and Walter Huston, was a great commercial success, and in 1949 it won three Academy Awards. In that year, the Berlin-based book club Büchergilde Gutenberg, which had been publishing Traven's books so far, was closed by the Nazis after Adolf Hitler took power. According to the theory, B. Traven was the illegitimate son of Emil Rathenau, founder of AEG and therefore the half-brother of the politician Walter Rathenau. Later, from 1930, he lived for 20 years in a house with a small restaurant on the outskirts of Acapulco from which he set off on his travels throughout Mexico. In the novel, Traven first dealt in detail with the question of the Indians living in America and with the differences between Christian and Indian cultures in Latin America; these problems dominated his later Jungle Novels.[7][8]. Rosa Elena Luján became Croves' secretary in 1952, and they married in San Antonio, Texas, on 16 May 1957. It is based on the novel of the same name by B. Traven, loosely based in an old border legend, set in the Viceroyalty of New Spain Page 5/24 From CrimethInc. Schmid's hypothesis has both its adherents and opponents; at present its verification seems to be impossible. Luján. In Germany, her husband published the successful novel The Death Ship, following which he went to Mexico for the first time, but returned to Germany to edit an anti-war magazine in the country "threatened by the emerging Nazi movement". Records of the U.S. Customs Service, Record Group 36. Mass Market Paperback ), March to the Monteria (Jungle Novels Book 3), ( Both, however, denied being Traven and claimed that they were his literary agents only, representing him in contacts with his publishers. His other aliases include Hal Croves, Traven Torsvan and Ret Marut. Board of Trade: Commercial and Statistical Department and successors: Outwards Passenger Lists. [original research? 7 He received Mexican citizenship on 3 September 1951. Traven's solidarity with the proletariat would also be understandable, in opposition to his relationship with a great industrialist, which he, as an illegitimate son, was not supposed to have. [27] As early as 1926, Torsvan took part as a photographer in an archeological expedition to the state of Chiapas led by Enrique Juan Palacios; one of the few photographs which may depict B. Traven, wearing a pith helmet, was taken during that expedition. The copyrightholder named in his books was "B. Traven, Tamaulipas, Mexico". [36] Figueroa further stated that Traven's mother was an Irish actress, Helen Mareck,[37] which might explain Traven's early mastery of English, as well as his closeness to the theater. The Treasure of the Sierra Madre: A Novel, ( Doubts about Aslan Norval remain and exacerbate the problems of the writer's identity and the true authorship of his books. Most of B. Traven's books were published in German first, with their English editions appearing later; nevertheless, the author always claimed that the English versions were the original ones and that the German versions were only their translations. Microfilm Reels: T-14939 to T-15248, via ancestry.com. (, James Goldwasser tried to reconstruct Ret Marut's detailed biography (till 1923) in the article. Birth records in San Francisco were destroyed in the 1906 earthquake and fire, and for several decades afterwards false claims of birth there were common. While residing there he gathered further experiences he harvested i… Esperanza López Mateos had been cooperating with B. Traven since at least 1941 when she translated his first novel The Bridge in the Jungle into Spanish. In 1929 B. Traven's most extensive book The White Rose (Die Weiße Rose) was published; this was an epic story (supposedly based on fact) of land stolen from its Indian owners for the benefit of an American oil company. According to Huston, "Croves gave an impression quite unlike the one I had formed of Traven from reading his scripts and correspondence." Download Ebook Macario B Traven Macario by B. Traven - Goodreads Macario is a 1960 Mexican supernatural drama film directed by Roberto Gavaldón and starring Ignacio López Tarso and Pina Pellicer. A very interesting document is a small notebook with entries in the English language. It seems indisputable that Traven's hide-and-seek manners became progressively obsessive; although we have to consider that self-presentation is irrevocable. [13], In the spring of 1917, after the United States entered the First World War, Mexico became a haven for Americans fleeing universal military conscription. A short biography of the writer and anarchist, B Traven, also known as Feige, Ret Marut, Torsvan, Croves... B. TRAVEN – AN ANTI-BIOGRAPHY "An author should have no other biography than his books. The circumstances of this journey are not clear either. On the same day, his wife announced at a press conference that her husband's real name was Traven Torsvan Croves, that he had been born in Chicago on 3 May 1890 to a Norwegian father Burton Torsvan and a mother Dorothy Croves of Anglo-Saxon descent and that he had also used the pseudonyms B. Traven and Hal Croves during his life. According to official records, Torsvan arrived in Mexico from the United States, crossing the border in Ciudad Juárez in 1914. Upon disembarking in Canada, he declared his intent to travel to the United States via Canada, that he was born in the US, a US citizen, had 50 dollars in his possession, and listed his occupation as a farmer and his language as "American". [13], On the other hand, the hypothesis of B. Traven's Germanness seems to be confirmed by Hal Croves' extensive archive, to which his widow granted access to researchers sporadically until her death in 2009. According to Tapio Helen, the periodical used partly vulgar methods, often publishing obvious falsehoods, for example about the reward offered by Life magazine when it was already known that the reward was only a marketing trick. The English texts are usually longer; in both versions there are also fragments which are missing in the other language. A solitary position in Traven's oeuvre is held by Land des Frühlings (Land of Springtime, 1928), a travel book about the Mexican state of Chiapas that doubles as a soapbox for the presentation of the leftist and anarchist views of its author. The 1930s are mainly the period in which Traven wrote and published the so-called Jungle Novels – the series of six novels consisting of The Carreta (Der Karren, 1931), Government (Regierung, 1931), March to the Monteria (Der Marsch ins Reich der Caoba, 1933), Trozas (Die Troza, 1936), The Rebellion of the Hanged (Die Rebellion der Gehenkten, 1936), and The General from the Jungle (Ein General kommt aus dem Dschungel, with a Swedish translation published in 1939 and the German original in 1940). Robinson showed photographs of Marut and Traven to a brother and a sister of Feige, and they appeared to recognise the person in the photos as their brother. B. Traven, also called Berick Traven Torsvan, or Ret Marut, (born March 5, 1890?, Chicago?, Ill., U.S.—died March 27, 1969, Mexico City, Mex. A recluse, Traven refused personal data to publishers; hence many theories have arisen as to his parentage, his nationality, and his general identity. "- University Review, The first novel from the elusive author of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre.Set in the 1920s in Mexico, B. Traven’s The Cotton-Pickers tells the story of Gerald Gales, who drifts in and out of jobs--on a cotton plantation, an oil field, in a pastry shop, and on a ranch--exposing the dangerous exploitation at each station and fomenting workers’ rights along the way. Above all, his performance was self-fulfilment, and after that the creation of an artist. Notable illustrations of works by B. Traven, James Goldwasser (1993), "Ret Marut: the Early B. Traven" in, The writer also expressed this thought in another famous quotation: "If one cannot get to know the human through his works, then either the human is worthless, or his works are worthless." He was married to Rosa Elena Lujan. [13] Further painting the lily, the name is an anagram of turma (herd in Romanian, accident in Finnish, and squadron or swarm in Latin). After the Jungle Novels, B. Traven practically stopped writing longer literary forms, publishing only short stories, including the novella or Mexican fairy tale Macario, which was originally published in German in 1950. [13], B. Traven's works also enjoyed a soaring popularity in Mexico itself. [2][3] Marut is thought to have operated under the "B. Traven" pseudonym, although no details are known about Marut's life before 1912, and many hold that "Ret Marut" was in fact also a pseudonym.[4][5]. The rumour was not true. During the visit reporters tried to induce Croves to admit to being Traven, but in vain. In 1947, four years before her death, she had revealed the story in writing to Mexican cinematographer Gabriel Figueroa, her brother-in-law. The non-vanity and non-ambition claimed by Traven was no humble gesture, Jan-Christoph Hauschild writes: By deleting his former names Feige and Marut, he extinguished his hitherto existences and created a new one, including a suitable story of personal descent. [39] Traven is therefore not, as other theories suggest, son of a fisherman, a farmer or a theater impresario. 24 His other aliases include Hal Croves, Traven Torsvan and Ret Marut. Rafael Arles Ramirez, who was responsible for the promotion of B. Traven's books in Mexico, admitted in 1956 that he had invented and circulated the story to boost interest in the writer's novels. B. TRAVEN, author of more than a dozen novels and collections of short stories, was one of the most mysterious figures of 20th-century fiction. [13], The Otto Feige hypothesis has been rejected by Karl S. Guthke, who believes that Marut's story about his birth in San Francisco was nearer the truth, even though Guthke agrees with the opinion that Marut fantasized in his autobiography to some extent. When she did, the world was blown away. The action of the book is again set in Mexico, and its main characters are a group of American adventurers and gold seekers. ). Although the author does not offer any positive programme, he always indicates the cause of suffering of his heroes. "B. Traven is coming to be recognized as one of the narrative masters of the twentieth century." In 1966, he published a biography of Traven[15] in which he claimed that the books signed with the pen name B. Traven (including the post-war ones) had been written by Ret Marut. Gale soon was a founding member of one of the early Communist Parties of Mexico (PCM). Neither the European nor the American publishers of the writer ever met him personally or, at least, the people with whom they negotiated the publication and later also the filming of his books always maintained they were only Traven's literary agents; the identity of the writer himself was to be kept secret. Little is known for certain about B. Traven. In the process he assumed a variety of pseudonyms (including “B. B. Traven was two or more persons (Hal Croves/Traven Torsvan and Ret Marut) who worked in collaboration, according to John Huston. Macario is the story of a poor man who has been hungry all his life. - The New York Times. Interrogated by the British police, Marut testified that his real name was Hermann Otto Albert Maximilian Feige and that he had been born in Schwiebus in Germany (modern-day Świebodzin in Poland) on 23 February 1882. Passenger Lists of Vessels Arriving at New York, New York, 1820-1897. John Huston was fascinated by mysterious author B. Traven, who was a recluse living in Mexico. Marut also became politically engaged when, in 1917, he launched the periodical Der Ziegelbrenner (The Brick Burner) with a clearly anarchistic profile (its last issue appeared in 1921). Professional politicians, including ones who sympathize with the left, are usually shown in a negative light, if shown at all. 4.4 out of 5 stars 61 Evidence suggests that he was born Otto Feige in Schlewsig-Holstein and that he escaped a death sentence for his involvement with the anarchist underground in Bavaria. He allegedly utilized his experiences from these voyages later in the novel The Death Ship. The commercial success of the novel The Treasure of the Sierra Madre, published in English by Knopf in 1935, induced the Hollywood production company Warner Bros. to buy the film rights in 1941. Traven is a pseudonym. B. Traven's writings can be best described as "proletarian adventure novels". The National Archives at Washington, D.C.; Washington, D.C.; Series Title: Passenger and Crew Manifests of Airplanes Arriving at Houston, Texas; Record Group Title: Records of the Immigration and Naturalization Service, 1787-2004, via ancestry.com. The Treasure of the Sierra Madre (originally titled Der Schatz der Sierra Madre) is a 1927 adventure novel by German author B. Traven, whose identity remains unknown. The person most commonly identified as Traven is Ret Marut, a German stage actor and anarchist who supposedly left Europe for Mexico around 1924 and who had edited an anarchist newspaper in Germany called Der Ziegelbrenner (The Brick Burner). Macario was made adapted into a film by Mexican director Roberto Gavaldón in 1960. Traven.[13]. In his presentation of oppression and exploitation, Traven did not limit himself to the criticism of capitalism; in the centre of his interest there were rather racial persecutions of Mexican Indians. It is known that B. Traven himself always claimed to be American. Later she also translated seven other novels of his. B. Traven (1882-1969) is the pen name of the most enigmatic writer of the twentieth century. Follow to get new release updates and improved recommendations. Paperback A CULT MASTERPIECE—THE ADVENTURE NOVEL THAT INSPIRED JOHN HUSTON'S CLASSIC FILM, BY THE ELUSIVE AUTHOR WHO WAS A MODEL FOR THE HERO OF ROBERTO BOLAÑO'S 2666.Little is known for certain about B. Traven. B. Traven is the author of twelve novels, one book of reportage and several short stories, in which the sensational and adventure subjects combine with a critical attitude towards capitalism. Some researchers further argue that Marut/Traven's real name was Otto Feige and that he was born in Schwiebus in Brandenburg, modern-day Świebodzin in Poland. B. Traven, the reclusive author of Treasure of the Sierra Madre, used an old Mexican folk tale as the basis for his novel The Third Guest. However, according to Huston, Croves played a double game during the shooting of The Treasure of the Sierra Madre. After the wedding, they moved to Mexico City, where they ran the Literary Agency R.E. . [13], Hal Croves died in Mexico City on 26 March 1969. He started his career in Idar (today Idar-Oberstein). The first collection of Traven's short stories, entitled Der Busch, appeared in 1928; its second, enlarged edition was published in 1930. Anyway, B. Traven's (Ret Marut's) life in Mexico was as mysterious as his fate in Europe. [24] These assertions are partly supported by documents. This claim is mostly treated by Traven scholars as a diversion or a joke, although there are those who accept it. (1997) the most plausible theory of the writer behind Traven's books. The hero's rejection of his degrading living conditions frequently serves as motive and broad emphasis is placed upon the efforts of the oppressed to liberate themselves. Following Josef Wieder's death in 1960, Rosa was the only copyright holder for Traven's books. He then gave the name in an article in the French newspaper "Libération". John Huston adapted the book as a 1948 film of the same name Ottawa, Ontario, Canada: Library and Archives Canada, n.d.. RG 76. Tapio Helen points out that the adoption of such a version of the writer's biography would be very difficult to reconcile with the many Americanisms in his works and the general spirit of American culture pervading them; these must be proof of at least a long life of the writer in the American environment which was not the case in Feige's or Marut's biography. [33] The articles and interviews with Croves always had to be authorized by his wife. Later, when B. Traven's first novels appeared, Mühsam compared their style and content with Marut's Der Ziegelbrenner articles and came to the conclusion that they must have been written by one and the same person. [23], After his release from the London prison, Ret Marut supposedly traveled from Europe to Mexico. 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