DNA testing revealed the blood came from either Joann or her son. He knew the location would cast blame on rorrer who he very quickly named as a suspect in this case. Failed to delete memorial. Shes just extremely happy with Andy, her brother, Michael OConnor, told the media. Cop defends accused. Their bodies were found in a patch of Heidelberg Township woods four months later. Weve updated the security on the site. Please ensure you have given Find a Grave permission to access your location in your browser settings. Andrew Katrinak found in Drake. The day she passed was her 62nd anniversary of the day she married her loving husband, Andrew Katrinak of Bethlehem. Rorrer, formerly of the Phillipsburg and High Bridge areas, was living in Linwood, North Carolina,. Segn se rumora, Andrew Katrinak haba discutido con Joann para la poca de los hechos porque segn l, Alex no era su hijo y le pidi incluso una prueba de paternidad. Katrinak was ordained in 1996. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? The email does not appear to be a valid email address. They had a son, Alex Martin, in August of 1994. Oops, something didn't work. U.S.M.C. You have chosen this person to be their own family member. Your cousin Cindy. Rorrer was convicted of murdering Joann Katrinak and her 3 month old son. Learn all the facts before you mouth off and get off your high horse. Becoming a Find a Grave member is fast, easy and FREE. Katrinak had been predeceased by two brothers, Raymond and Andrew Katrinak, and five sisters, Emma Tomac, Helen Caselli, Eleanor Thornberg, Margaret Medgensis, and an infant twin sister. !) and detractors (This is another bs attempt to free a psycho). They returned with a guilty verdict and a sentence of two life terms. He was preceded in death by brother Richard, in infancy, parents John Katrinak and Mary Litvin Katrinak, brothers-in-law Jim Marchelletta and George Ryan and sister-in-law Betty Jean Katrinak. KOREAN WAR Son of Martin & Theresa (Novotney) Katrinak and husband to Veronica B. The mother had been beaten and shot in the face. Do we have a record of account of a phone repair company going out to his residence to fix this CUT LINE before he made these phone calls to Pattys mom? Theres a great deal to show that Rorrer has received a bum rap. Veronica Barbara Katrinak Obituary Remember Veronica Barbara Katrinak. Combination locks. Murder In The Family: Bonnie Harkey "The Pecan Queen" and her caretaker, Karen Johnson, were murdered for her money; Her stepson, Bruce Harkey, and several others were convicted of her murder Psycho For Love: Patricia Rorrer killed her ex-boyfriend's new wife, Joann Katrinak, and their 3-month-old son, Alex to make Andrew Katrinak suffer Resend Activation Email. Then, from 1989 to 1991, she had stories published in True Detective Magazine under the name Tammy Mal. At the age of 47, 40 years after she first fell in love with her genre, she self-published her first book, Little Girl Lost: The True Story of the Vandling Murder, a well-researched book about the murder of 9-year-old Mae Barrett in 1945. Remember the how the case back in he 80s when those 4 black boys were wrongfully accused and police mishandled THAT CASE!! Joanns family was unwilling to speak with OReilly. Investigators would ultimately visit Linwood eight or nine times in the ensuing years. Father was ordained a. Are you looking for Andrew Katrinak 2016 We are providing you official link and a number of helpful material for your query. Did they test the DNA of the baby to see if the father Andy Katrinak was actually the father? The email does not appear to be a valid email address. Lisa Agostinelli Manderach lost her life because the aforementioned Dungeons and Dragons enthusiast, one Caleb Fairley, age 21, reportedly considered her the embodiment of beauty he'd been wanting to seize. Great communicator. His father confirmed his alibi that they were doing construction work together, putting an addition on the house of friends Tom and Kathy Holschwander, at the time of Joanns disappearance. She was born in Allentown; the daughter of the late George and Margaret Panik. No surprise IA found nothing in their investigation! I believe innocence. Katrinak, Andrew J. Andrew Joseph Katrinak, 88, of Bethlehem, died on Wednesday, January 21, 2015 at Blough Healthcare Center in Bethlehem. This account already exists, but the email address still needs to be confirmed. More than two years after Joann Katrinak and her infant son, Alex, vanished from their Catasauqua home, state police on Tuesday charged her husbands ex-girlfriend with killing them. He gave an audio interview to the Wrong Man investigators when they made a surprise visit to his house, but he declined to appear on camera. And James Pfeiffer and Jim Burke have remained on her side. Use Escape keyboard button or the Close button to close the carousel. The series was produced by Joe Berlinger, who made the Paradise Lost documentaries, which garnered actor Johnny Depps attention and ultimately helped free the West Memphis Three. songr pk mp3 download closing the lodge in the first degree; when does social security recalculate benefits can you bring adderall to thailand; mitsubishi outlander engine knock 2 year warranty electrical goods uk 2021; eeprom gary johnston honduras; daily language review grade 10 divinity original sin enhanced edition best starting duo; mazda 3 touch screen replacement inert . Edit a memorial you manage or suggest changes to the memorial manager. Walmart woe. From more than 10,000 official documents including Pennsylvania State Police (PSP) reports, FBI Files, forensic lab results, and the 6,500-page trial transcript, four years of intensive research, countless interviews with those involved, and hundreds of letters, phone calls and personal visits with Patricia Rorrer, OReilly found details that didnt add up, had never been made public, and that raised serious questions about the case and Pattys guilt. But thats just some of the ammo on Team Patricias battleship. On closer inspection, he saw it was the body of a woman. Family members linked to this person will appear here. The December 1994 kidnappings of Joann Katrinak and her 4-month-old son, Alex. Something is not right in this case!! Police couldnt determine whether the baby died of exposure or suffocation. During Patricias hours-long turn in the witness chair, Michael McIntyre grilled her relentlessly. 4. Make a life-giving gesture. Please enter your email and password to sign in. The state police dropped him as a suspect. Thats all for this post. Dont think he would think that way that early in her dissappearance. Please try again later. It all gave jurors a lot to think about but only for six hours. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. Prosecutor pounds away. There was an error deleting this problem. On Instagram, I found a post for a two-part Win at All Costs podcast featuring journalism professor Bill Mousheys interviews with Patricia Rorrer from prison in December 2019. After a very early failed marriage, the 24-year-old Joann scored a new husband in Andrew Katrinak, 38, whom she met at a club. Or did they? Include gps location with grave photos where possible. You can always change this later in your Account settings. Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? Just saw murder in the Lehigh valley lived 2 blocks from there. In the past, Andrew has also been known as Andy Katrinak, Andrew J Katrinik, Andrew J Katrinak, Andrew Katrinah and Andrew J Katrinak. Shes extremely, extremely happy with the baby. Thanks for using Find a Grave, if you have any feedback we would love to hear from you. The conversation ended with Joann Katrinak angrily telling Rorrer not to call again, police said. Joann Marie O'Connor Katrinak Birth 11 Oct 1968 Hackettstown, Warren County, New Jersey, USA Death 15 Dec 1994 (aged 26) Germansville, Lehigh County, Pennsylvania, USA Burial Saints Cyril and Methodius Catholic Cemetery Bethlehem, Northampton County, Pennsylvania, USA Plot Halfway down the hill from the cemetery entrance and on the right. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. Patricia and her husband broke up after the babys death. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. Family, friend, or fan, this family history biography is for you to remember Joann M Katrinak. This browser does not support getting your location. She would let it go-thinking that justice was served and she would now have to do her time for committing the crime! They broke up in 1993. There is 1 volunteer for this cemetery. Food for thought. July 11, 1929 - September 10, 2011 . Was it before or after the murder?? Within weeks, the FBI was assisting, and pleas for information were circulating nationwide. Tammy Malinowski OReilly of Union Dale is a True Crime writer, writing under the name Tammy Mal. Her research into the 1994 Katrinak murders in Catasauqua has potentially uncovered new evidence in the case. Read the obituary of Veronica Barbara Katrinak (1929 - 2011). Verify and try again. Andrew lived at address. The police report misspells his name (Troutman) and doesnt include his address, suggesting authorities didnt want anyone to track him down, according to Patricias side. They always bring their boyfriends out to the barn at least once. On April 9, 1995, a Heidelberg farmer found the remains of two bodies in a patch of woods. based on information from your browser. They wanted a more relaxed lifestyle. He was born in Bethlehem son of the late Martin and Theresa (Novotney) Katrinak. She failed miserably to convince me, or anyone else who mattered, of her innocence. Did the police check Rorrers car and check the mileage? They were married 62 years. Awful and cold blooded what she did. Please check your email and click on the link to activate your account. Meanwhile, the case of the missing mother and baby turned into colossal news across the U.S. and internationally. I find it appalling and scary that the police labeled a potential witness as crazy and disregarded his statement-even finding humor (on television) in denying this man an opportunity to discuss what he witnessed. A hearing is scheduled for April 5, asking to give Attorney Neely access to evidence that was referred to but not provided to the jury during the trial. ABOUT THE CASE Following the disappearance of Joann and Alex Katrinak, Joann's husband Andrew told police he believed someone had broken into his house, cut the telephone line and abducted his wife and son. If you subscribe to Hulu and upgrade to Starz (theres a free one-week trial offer), you can stream the Wrong Man episodes about Patricia Rorrer. I have doubts as well. Photos larger than 8Mb will be reduced. Another witness, Walter Traupman, who never testified, had told state troopers that on the day of Joanns disappearance, he saw a couple who looked like Joann and Andrew arguing about the paternity of a baby. Despite the new evidence and hypotheses, the courts have rejected all of Patricias bids for a new trial. Please try again later. I watched the 2 part show right now. With much love and respect Terry ?? There is a problem with your email/password. Unfortunately it was the worst scenario," he said. A few sightings gave them hope but proved empty. Andy, Sorry to hear about all the losses you have had, i also have been through alot, you had talked about CO, hope life is stable now. After relocating to Pennsylvania, Patricia met the 6-foot-2-inch Andrew in a restaurant. ). or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. In 2014 she released Tortured Minds: Pennsylvanias Most BizarreBut ForgottenMurders, a collection of little known murders from the 1930s. Previously sponsored memorials or famous memorials will not have this option. She was always looking for a fight, Gary Gabard told the Morning Call, which noted that he was a head shorter than Patricia. ). She asked to speak with Andrew, who was home during the call; Joann refused. The sponsor of a memorial may add an additional. Drag images here or select from your computer for Andrew Joseph Katrinak memorial. Are you sure that you want to delete this photo? Traupman claimed that when he reported the dispute, trooper Robert V. Egan III got mad and practically kicked him out of his office. No activity on her bank account or credit cards took place after the day she went missing, so investigators dismissed the theory that she took her child and bolted. Interment in St. Michaels Cemetery, Stratford. I most definitely will not personally afford Patricia a platform, Michael said in an email to ForensicFilesNow.com She had her chance to answer my questions and tell her story in court over 20 years ago. I agree, why wasnt the baby DNA tested? Minutes would have shown up on that phone record to prove Patty answered mom spoke to her about why Andy was calling, and showing mom calling Andy back! He was the loving husband of the late Veronica Barbara Katrinak. Get email updates about Andrew Katrinak delivered directly to your inbox. Why was the police scene cleared at 11pm that door and phone lines would have jumped out at anyone!! For the past year, NBC has been using OReilly and her research as a primary resource for a project they are proposing to do on the murder. Later, they both worked 12-hour graveyard shifts at a textile factory. (Disclaimer: Im not a big fan of eyewitnesses who come forward years after the fact, but its possible). Today, Patricia Lynne Rorrer resides in State Correctional Institute at Muncy, a medium and maximum security facility that has the highest rate of cancer of all prisons in Pennsylvania, according to a story from northcentralpa.com. Learn about how to make the most of a memorial. Use the links under See more to quickly search for other people with the same last name in the same cemetery, city, county, etc. (McIntyre said that Egan ignored Traupman because he was a nut who said that the man he saw arguing with the woman in a car was Hispanic but wearing a fake mustache and a toupee. Andrew Katrinak said he found his basement door ajar and removed from its hinges, and a phone line had been cut. How did she drive 500 miles and back? . Was the husband really checked out? Although the prosecution used it as evidence that she was trying to create a false alibi, it actually sounded more like Patricia was simply trying to nail down the facts he had already asserted to her. Because the police have NEVER done that before. Leave your condolences and send flowers to the family to show you care. Patricia defaulted on her mortgage and then returned to North Carolina, where she eventually moved in with a boyfriend named Brian Ward. Patricia Rorrer, an ex-girlfriend of Joann's husband, was found guilty of the crimes and sentenced to life in prison. He had worked as a semi-pro boxer in Las Vegas in his youth and later settled into his own construction business. Episode 203 of Star' Wrong Man examines the murder of Joann Katrinak and her baby. As manager of this memorial you can add or update the memorial using the Edit button below. All photos appear on this tab and here you can update the sort order of photos on memorials you manage. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. After a very early failed marriage, the 24-year-old Joann scored a new husband in Andrew Katrinak, 38, whom she met at a club. Pop Katrinak what a wonderful, giving and loving man. Found more than one record for entered Email, You need to confirm this account before you can sign in. Which memorial do you think is a duplicate of Andrew Katrinak (141663367)? She beat Katrinak, shot her and left her and her baby for dead in the woods in Heidelberg Township. After Joann Katrinak, the wife of Patricias former flame, turned up dead along with her infant son, prosecutors suspected Patricia. He said he will seek the death penalty. Check out my merch:https://outloudmerch.com/collections/zachary-michaeltwitch.tv/thezacharymikeinsta: thezacharymiketwitter: thezacharymikecameo - https://ww. Patricia is a psycopath and for some reason is able to con many reporters, etc. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. Flowers added to the memorial appear on the bottom of the memorial or here on the Flowers tab. Until next time, cheers. Katrinak and his wife had been happily married for more than a year when he left the house that December morning to go to his construction job. An infant was lying face down on her stomach. All Filters. Her son died from exposure or suffocation. In TV clips, Andrew didnt come off as anguished. Patricia Rorrer has manipulated every reporter and amateur detective iinterested in this case to postulate why & how she is innocent! He knew where it was. Try again. Share this memorial using social media sites or email. Weak wages. "Andrew Katrinak" obituary results. Something so simple as hair color could have solved this case from the start. Andrew F Katrinak, 1882 - 1947 Andrew F Katrinak was born on month day 1882, at birth place. Add to your scrapbook. The Free Patricia Rorrer page points to a sliver of a fingernail found at the murder site that didnt come from either Patricia or Joann. The two had disappeared 4 months earlier from their home in . Save to an Ancestry Tree, a virtual cemetery, your clipboard for pasting or Print. cemeteries found within miles of your location will be saved to your photo volunteer list. Testimony from Walter Blalock contradicted Patricias claim that she never had a gun. Create an obituary. Her mother, Patricia Chambers, provided day care for their baby son, Charles. Joann was fun, likable, beautiful, always happy, said her sister-in-law Cindy Wiard. They allege that the North Carolina resident stealthily drove 500 miles to Pennsylvania and killed out of a sense of deadly indignation. For memorials with more than one photo, additional photos will appear here or on the photos tab. Read the book Convenient Suspect by Tammy Mal. Angry that Joann hung up on her, she stalked her for three days, then broke into her basement and cut the phone line, put a gun to Joanns head as she was placing Alex in the car, and forced her to drive to the rural area. This flower has been reported and will not be visible while under review. The state made a case fueled by circumstantial evidence and public outrage over the deaths of a modern-day madonna and child. Sorry! Fly with the angels Uncle Andy. And in November 1995, they received her hair and blood samples. And yikes, he discovered someone had cut one of the houses phone lines and pried the hinge on the basement door. Verify and try again. He was born in Bethlehem. Continuing with this request will add an alert to the cemetery page and any new volunteers will have the opportunity to fulfill your request. I have no idea whether Patricia Rorrer is innocent or guilty, but there are enough discrepancies for me to strongly question whether she received a fair trial and just treatment from the agencies investigating her. Still, no good leads materialized. Police brutality seemed to be a problem as well. Crooked investigation and prosecution authorities saw to that. Other loyal friends and associates attested to Patricias kindness toward horses and devotion to her daughter, whom she took along as she worked in stables. Cleveland, OH ERIK KATRINAK OBITUARY KATRINAK ERIK J. KATRINAK, age 39. Joann Katrinak - 349. or don't show this againI am good at figuring things out. I also communicated with Patricia via email to get her input on some matters. Patricia Lynne Rorrer made for a good suspect. Something is not right in this case!! (A good point. Home; Memorials; Cemeteries; Famous; Contribute; Register; Sign In; . Sad discovery. A system error has occurred. Quickly see who the memorial is for and when they lived and died and where they are buried. I think he had some pull in law enforcement just my take on it. Inside the locked 1992 vehicle, police discovered some strands of blond hair stained with dried blood. Could have been a motive for murder. She denied being in the state around the time of the Katrinaks disappearance, the affidavit shows. Seriously, he really knew she NEVER pulled straight into a parking place??? I think the husband kill them both he had no tears in his eyes at any time. Rorrer's ex-boyfriend, Andrew Katrinak, was the husband of Joann Katrinak and Alex's father. The prosecution alleged that Patricia called the Katrinaks house from a pay phone in Pennsylvania. The couple moved into Andrews sturdy brick house at 740 Front Street in Catasauqua, Pennsylvania. Learn more about merges. The couple moved into Andrew's sturdy brick house at 740 Front Street in Catasauqua, Pennsylvania. Search is on. My thoughts are with you during this difficult time. And in a piece of salacious testimony, Patricia Rorrers half sister, Sandra Ireland, said that in May 1995, about six months after the murder, their mother, Patricia Chambers, stopped by the house and asked her to hold onto or hide a gun, or both. She never showed. Was Michael friends with anyone on the investigating police force or employees there? Rorrer's ex-boyfriend, Andrew Katrinak, was the husband of Joann Katrinak and Alex's father. She got 12 months of probation for shoplifting at a Walmart in Lexington, North Carolina. Failed to report flower. Is it possible that JoAnn was having an affair or had a stalker? Investigators confirmed she had bought a .22-caliber Jennings semiautomatic pistol that could have fired the bullet that killed Joann Katrinak. We will review the memorials and decide if they should be merged. How did he make these calls? Did anyone compare DNA of baby to the husband? You may not upload any more photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 20 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 5 photos to this memorial, This photo was not uploaded because this memorial already has 30 photos, This photo was not uploaded because you have already uploaded 15 photos to this memorial. Very frightening that this could be anyone in Patricias situation, regardless of innocence or guilt. Hay tres pruebas que, segn el sitio web www . Youre in no position to judge. Book her. OReilly never believed she was good enough to publish and kept her stories locked away. Remind me to never go to that PA. OReilly felt bad about opening old wounds and considered not writing the book until she saw a recent episode of On the Case with Paula Zahn, entitled Driven to Kill. Are you adding a grave photo that will fulfill this request? A horror story. No charmed life. Andrew Katrinak was working on their home the day Joann disappeared. Close this window, and upload the photo(s) again. I Definitely heard about it on other crime shows. Robbins, who was serving a life sentence, was at Muncy for 25 years before being released in 2017. This is one that we were not going to forget.. She made an effort to look perfectly groomed even when she took out the trash, according to her mother, who appeared on Forensic Files. I was surprised that I did not hear about the gun in the program last night. She was born on Jan. 24, 1964, in eastern Pennsylvania and moved back and forth between there and Davidson County, North Carolina. There are no volunteers for this cemetery. If he wasnt the father it would collaborate that Andy and Joann might have had a heated argument prior to her death (as the older man had suggested). She has signed a contract with NYC Literary Agent Mike Hoogland of Dystel & Goderich Literary Management to represent the book, and HarperCollins, one of the largest book publishers in the world, is interested in acquiring publishing rights. Katrina King Andrew Greensboro, North Carolina Also known as: katrina.k.andrew Guilford County Department of Public Health WFMY News 2 Katrina currently lives in Greensboro, NC. Katrinak, 26, and her 3-month-old son disappeared on Dec. 15, 1994. Sir I would not kill somebody and I definitely wouldnt kill somebody I never met, Rorrer said. Survivors include a brother, William Katrinak of Shelton; a sister, Helen Caselli of Milford; nephews, Robert Katrinak Read More, Submit an obit for publication in any local newspaper and on Legacy. Lying cops and stupid prosecutors. She was also accused of breaking into barns, stealing horses, and underfeeding the ones she owned. Irelands husband buried it in the yard because he didnt feel comfortable with a firearm inside, she said. Formerly of the Phillipsburg and High Bridge areas, Rorrer was living in Linwood, North Carolina, when . (Panik) Katrinak. The mother had been beaten and shot in the. Are you sure that you want to remove this flower? And even prosecutor Michael McIntyre, who wrote the book Hair Trigger about the case, acknowledged to Keith Morrison that it was a little odd that the police found blood on the hairs in Joanns car but nowhere else in the vehicle. 1. Find-A-Grave: Joann M. Katrinak Woman Held In Catasauqua Killings Man Recalls Day His Wife, Baby Vanished As Katrinak Double-murder Trial Opens Farmer Describes Finding Bodies Of Katrinak, Son Defendant Takes Stand In Katrinak Case Jury Rejects Alibi, Finds Rorrer Guilty In Double Kidnapping-murder Case Woman found guilty in Lehigh Slayings Andrew married Mary A Katrinak (born Ondek). What did she drive back home in? Please enter your email and password to sign in. When O'Reilly started doing the research, she believed Patricia (Patty) had been proven guilty and had committed the crimes. Always such a sweet and kind man! Try again later. They lived together at some point but broke up in 1991, and Rorrer moved into her. Condolences to the family. More hairs there. . Failed to delete memorial. Switching of hairs, OMG they manufactured evidence. It is true that the bodies were found near rorrers old barn, but it also needs to be noted that she and Andy were together when she worked at this barn; therefore, Andy too would know where her barn was and if he wanted to frame her he would need do it in a place that would implicate rorrer. He comes home and finds them gone and goes right to the basement. There was an error deleting this problem. No animated GIFs, photos with additional graphics (borders, embellishments. But to me this ommission was intentional. Im sure youve heard all this before, and I apologize for waisting your time. Use Next and Previous buttons to navigate, or jump to a slide with the slide dots. My husband passed away of a broken heart, Sarah OConnor said on the Montel Williams Show in 2001. At 10:30 p.m., Andrew reported his wife missing. Prove them wrong! If you have questions, please contact [emailprotected]. Remove advertising from a memorial by sponsoring it for just $5. Someone had shot Joann in the face with a .22-caliber pistol, then beaten her about the head hitting her 19 times in all with a blunt object. based on information from your browser. Are you sure that you want to delete this memorial? For this week, I looked into the defenders reasoning as well as Patricias whereabouts today. Joann Katrinak, and her baby, had planned to go Christmas shopping with her mother-in-law but she never arrived to pick her up despite calling to say that she was on her way there. The retired DA is an arrogant asshole. Brother of Angelina Redding. Rorrer met Andrew Katrinak in New Jersey in 1984, said Pennsylvania State Police Capt. If baby isnt his then the old guy who says he saw them arguing may just have been correct. At the states request, the instructor wore a wire during a phone conversation with Patricia. Forensic tests suggested the hair found in the car and at the murder scene came from Patricia. I would never want to see an innocent person in Prison for a crime they did not commit. ANDREW KATRINAK OBITUARY KATRINAK Andrew G. Katrinak of Little Rock, Ark., beloved husband of the late Josephine Gawlowicz Katrinak, died peacefully at his home on Sunday, October 31,. You are nearing the transfer limit for memorials managed by Find a Grave. If she was already a brunette how could she have left dirty blonde hairs? I believe someone would not go to such lengths to prove evidence. He lived in 1910, at address, Connecticut. At the trial, prosecutor Michael McIntyre alleged that Patricia remained obsessed with Andrew Katrinak long after their breakup despite testimony that shed had many boyfriends and live-in lovers to occupy her bandwidth. If she took public transportation, no one saw her? Sorry! Did Patty walk to the house make all this noise get them in the car, since it was Joannes car found, and Andy never heard the car turn on and leave the house? The media love the femme fatale., FBI lab blunder. Patricia seemed like the girl next door but all of a sudden, something snapped, Katrinak later told Wrong Man investigators. The prosecutor laughed and humiliated her in the interview. Are you sure that you want to report this flower to administrators as offensive or abusive? Her book, working title Reasonable Doubt, details the original story as presented in the press and the story as found in the files and reports.