Powered by Cognero. a. d.)disorganized thinking. The Psycho dynamic Approach. )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder amygdala a. The underlying assumption is that a demanding situation results in psychological distress and strain when decision latitude and control over characteristics of the situation are insufficient (e.g., Karasek et al. a. a. degeneration of neural connections in visual reception areas of the brain. a. c.)temperament. )oral Six-year-old Tommy wants his hair cut and combed like his father's. d.)conscious, b. brain lesion. c.)psychological c.)self-actualization. Answer by Guest. )The behavior is deviant for someone whose work does not demand it. Cognitive dissonance theory emphasizes that we seek to reduce the discomfort we feel when we become aware that: b.)1:1. The brains of people who suffer from depression tend to have low levels of: b. c.)Psychotherapy c) biological psychologist. )nicotine can temporarily increase serotonin, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. The company buys debt securities, intending to profit from short-term differences in price and maintaining them in an active trading portfolio. Monogamy (/ m n m i / m-NOG--mee) is a form of dyadic relationship in which an individual has only one partner during their lifetime. D. gender typing. A sense of being separated from one's own body and watching oneself with a sense of detachment is a symptom of: b.)paraphilic. d.)your personality traits. b. c.)behavioral consistency. d.)major depressive disorder. c.)mutation. a.)self-concept. Prepare the appropriate journal entry for each transaction or event during 2021, as well as any adjusting entries necessary at year end. Which of the following fictional research findings is the best evidence against the idea that "our lives are determined by our experiences"? a. Incorrect. For the past three months Nathanial, a heavy smoker, has been severely depressed. )aggressive instinct c.)systematic desensitization. occipital lobes )natural selection. Lenore most likely suffers from a(n): a. )bipolar disorder. c.)meta-analysis. b. d.)Jeremy effectively cope with antisocial personality disorder. b. b. John has been having difficulties getting out of bed, and is not interested in going out with friends or even answering the phone. a. c.)selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI). d. The Evolutionary Perspective Evolutionary psychology focuses on the study of how the theory of evolution can explain physiological processes. )developmental psychology d.)repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation, c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. b. a. Once people have agreed to a small request, they have a tendency to comply with a larger request. For the past four weeks, Odessa has been feeling lethargic and worthless. b. He also wants a new cap, shirt, and sweater to match his father's. )maternal instinct His absence of appropriate behavior is known as: a. hemispherectomy. d. This study investigated singles' similarity preferences concerning their ideal partner's personality traits, physical attractiveness, and social resources, as well as potential moderators (fear of being single and mate value) and mediators (forecasted satisfaction). c.)are genetically predisposed. b. a.)transference. What is the probability that AAA occurs? c.)Employed men spend about an hour and a half more per day working than do employed women. The theory of evolution was originally presented by Charles Darwin. )foot-in-the-door phenomenon. nature or nurture. )long-term potentiation. \text{American Instruments bonds}& \$ 850,000\\ a. d.)projective, According to Freud, this part of the personality represents internalized ideals and provides standards for judgment and for future aspirations. c.)roles. e. C) e. c.)EMDR There are a host of factors that influence the salary that an evolutionary psychologist . c.)overestimating the importance of reciprocal determinism on adult personality traits. a.)schizophrenia. )there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. b.)self-actualization. )Darlene effectively cope with posttraumatic stress disorder. This variation in an inherited trait is due to: )positive symptoms. The remarkable academic and vocational successes of children of the refugee Asian boat people best illustrate the importance of: People are most likely to notice the impact of environmental influences on behavior when confronted by: The ideas and traditions of a culture are typically perpetuated by means of: The practice of covering your mouth when you cough best illustrates the impact of: Even though there are many unoccupied chairs in the library study area, Wang chooses to sit in a chair right next to Annest. b. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human, Two plants are grown under the same environmental conditions, including the same soil conditions and the same amount of light and water, but one grows to 2 feet tall and the other is 1 foot tall. a. d.)doubled rate of divorce. Instead of going to work with a frown on your face, you will force yourself to smile when you walk in. Acquired$900,000 of American Instruments 10% bonds at face value. )standardization; validity )illustrate neural plasticity. )major depressive disorder. )stimulus generalization. )external attributions for failure. d) behavior geneticist. c.)inappropriate emotions. )the self-reference phenomenon. According to your textbook, DSM-5 has been criticized for: )hindsight bias B. evolutionary psychology. d.)very rough guidelines for diagnosing mental disorders. You agree. Diane has a free-floating anxiety that leaves her tense, irritable, impairs her concentration, and leaves her with many sleepless nights. He cannot concentrate at work and has been calling in sick at least once each week. )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. )the mere exposure effect. plasticity. Nov. 1. d.)an eclectic approach, nondirective treatment, and long-term potentiation. Evolutionary psychology works backward to propose an explanation; thus, any behavior can be explained Evolutionary psychologists have suggested that women prefer monogamy and men promiscuity in ensuring the survival of their genetic material. We are interested in the population proportion of people who feel the president is doing an acceptable job. Contemporary psychology is best defined as the scientific study of. d.)Xanax. the process of organizing and interpreting sensory information. However, she does want to gain insight into the roots of her difficulties. b. d.)cell nucleus. )we have overestimated the impact of personal dispositions on behavior. This most strongly suggests that dissociative identity disorder may involve: Language abilities are often used as examples of domain-specific mecha-nisms. c.)progressive relaxation. )The behavior is dysfunctional for Naima. c.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. d.)long-term potentiation. What portion of the agencys assets are composed of cash (i.e., Fund Balance with Treasury)? He has a very difficult time reading the facial expressions of others and reading the state of mind of those who talk to him. )The Rorschach d.)passionate love. temporal lobes d.)spontaneous recovery. c. This best illustrates racial differences in, The heritability of intelligence refers to. )fear dangerous animals. b. c.)schizotypal personality disorder. Which Viewpoint would John Watson Most Likely Agree with? At about age 11 in girls and age 13 in boys, a surge of sex hormones triggers the onset of: )a lack of guilt feelings. \hline & \boldsymbol{B}_1 & \boldsymbol{B}_2 & \boldsymbol{B}_3 & \boldsymbol{B}_4 \\ c.)puberty. )including some conditions that are too "normal" to be considered disorders, such as extreme sadness related to bereavement. most left-handers process language primarily in their right hemisphere. d.)obsessive-compulsive disorder. a. active or inactive. The third approach arises out of the job stress literature. Test Prep. e. a. b. Child age . Depending on environmental conditions, specific genes can be either Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to be criticized for A) working backward to provide after-the-fact explanations of human mating preferences. She nearly killed herself by slitting her wrists. e. )automatic mimicry. )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. They have found that people worldwide spend an average of four hours a day on enhancing their beauty. food preferences. Question 3. b.)types. a. Gould spent most of his career teaching at Harvard University and working at the American Museum of Natural History in New York. c.)Amy effectively cope with a seasonal pattern for major depressive disorder. Incorrect psychotherapy. c.)the superego )factor analytic ", Your conscious awareness of your own name and self-identity depends primarily on the normal functioning of your, A football quarterback can simultaneously make calculations of receiver distances, player movements, and gravitational forces. b. a. Yet in the last two decades there has been a growing realization that even though culture plays a major role in the final expression of human nature, there must be a basic scaffolding specified by . d.)schizophrenia. d.)agoraphobia. All animals have thoughts and feelings that guide their behavior. Incorrect natural selection. This best illustrates: )lobotomy )active listening. Reinforcements, like praise from caregivers, are the most powerful motivator for most children. )overestimating the consistency of behavior from one situation to another. Define the random variables XXX and PP^{\prime}P in words. b. c.)GABA. )People in the psychotherapy group actually improve at a slower rate than the people in the untreated group. c.)group polarization. b. c.)social exchange theory \hline A & 0.09 & 0.22 & 0.15 & 0.20 \\ D) genome research. )unconscious They vandalized the opposing team's field and the police had to be called in. d.)a negative explanatory style. d.)"According to a National Research Council report, the popularity of this test says it is. d.)not attainable. a. )the place theory a. In front of an audience, he tends to play his violin even more beautifully than when he is alone. )Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI), _____ test is a projective personality test in which people tell what they see in a series of symmetrical inkblots. c.)our efforts to achieve a goal have been blocked. A person attacked by a fierce dog develops a fear of all dogs. It has been suggested that men in all cultures tend to marry women younger than themselves because they are naturally attracted to female features associated with youthful fertility. )do not increase; increase a. It only arises after basic psychological and physiological needs are met and self-esteem is achieved. )sex hormones. )gender-typing bias. thoughts, feelings, and perceptions. )there is a genetic predisposition to schizophrenia. a.)serotonin. He felt very uncomfortable about having done this until he convinced himself that copying answers is not wrong if classmates are careless enough to expose their test sheets. c. c.)a fugue state. c.)seek healthy-looking mates. This best illustrates the influence of ________ on development, Carl and Shirley are both mentally retarded because their mothers drank heavily during their embryonic development. e. prenatal development. a. answer choices. a. His excess of inappropriate behavior is known as: The anterior cingulate cortex is especially likely to be hyperactive in those with: Sep. 1. Social structural theory maintains that sex differences result from changes in society and social roles occupied by men and women. d.)empathy. In terms of Freud's theory of personality, Mary's memories are stored at the _____ level of awareness. b. )83 b. This is the view of psychology and human behavior that emphasizes the role of the unconscious mind, different life experiences when young and old and relationships to explain the way . 2 (2002): 146-60 and "The Problem of Romantic Love: Shakespeare and Evolutionary Psychology" in . a. c.)schizophrenia patients suffer from a deficiency of the neurotransmitter serotonin. c.)psychoanalysis b.)self-actualization. The baby's temperament is most likely that of a(n): ____ is the proportion of variation among individuals that we can attribute to genes. )anorexia nervosa. Copyright Cengage Learning. The moment she walks into your house you start smiling, even before she says something funny. d.)electrocardiogram (EKG). )cognitive dissonance. Last week Tate went into the hospital for a painful medical procedure. Victor's mother is frustrated because she cannot get Victor involved in any activities. c.)catatonia )The Minnesota Multiphasic Personality Inventory (MMPI) c.)persistent depressive disorder. Edgar responds to his daughter's fistfight with, "Good girls don't fight!" Most psychologists today agree with (1) but not with (2). Significant dieting with significant weight loss of more than 15 percent of one's normal body weight is common in individuals with: d. C) people are the most romantically attracted to those who are the most genetically dissimilar to themselves. )social anxiety disorder. Evolutionary psychologists are most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to human. underestimating gender differences in mate selection. A baby girl receives a(n) ________ chromosome from her ________. )electroconvulsive therapy (ECT). c. b. d.)Thomas, who has the negative symptoms of schizophrenia. a.)individualism. d.)including eating disorders, attention-deficit/hyperactivity disorder, and social anxiety disorder as mental disorders. c.)social facilitation. )Freud's psychoanalysis. Which brain structure relays information from the eyes to the visual cortex? )cognitive therapy. What do psychologists who study evolution search for? Racial differences in a highly heritable trait are not necessarily caused by: Our selective exposure to those life experiences that are best suited to our unique temperaments best illustrates the interaction of, Because Marla is the first girl in her fourth-grade class to sexually mature, she is sometimes teased and rejected by her classmates. b.)neurogenesis. Evolutionary psychologist studies human behaviour using informed biological approaches and modern evolutionary perspective. d.)nicotine can temporarily decrease norepinephrine, a neurotransmitter overabundant in people with depression. A _____ is a syndrome marked by a clinically significant disturbance in an individual's cognition, emotion regulation, or behavior. d.)the therapeutic alliance. b. b. b. e. )bipolar disorder. What scientist contributed to evolutionary theory? C) develop their own theories. influences that affect our mating decisions. b. In addition, Tate seems to lack a conscience for wrongdoing. a.)rumination. Evolutionary psychology is the observation of behavior, concept, and feeling as regarded through the lens of evolutionary biology. To help Monica overcome her nearly irresistible craving for chocolate, a therapist provides her with a supply of chocolate candies that contain solidified droplets of a harmless but very bitter-tasting substance. b. reticular formation. a. He does not judge her and is quite open to her exploration of her weaknesses. The child's chances ________ if the adopted parents have schizophrenia. c.)less; more b. hormones. )underestimating the extent to which people differ from one another. a. The concept of personality most clearly embodies the notion of: c.)Wilhelm Wundt; Elvis )professional training and experience of the therapist. cerebellum. d.)moral integrity. a. c.)3 weeks )Prozac Taro and Kiichi are fraternal twins being raised by the same parents; Helene and Victoire are identical twins being raised by the same parents. A) naturalistic observation . Dr. d.)A paper-and-pencil. b. )a smaller number of synapses. Yen is designing an experiment on obedience to authority. b. d.)A young man marries a wealthy middle-aged widow. b. This best illustrates the dangers of: b. d.)electrical activity. c. b. a.)deindividuation. )exposure therapy. An organism's complete set of genetic instructions is called a: The thread-like structures that contain genes are called: ______________ develop from a single fertilized egg, whereas ______________ develop from separate fertilized eggs. e. Design an experiment to test whether drinking alcohol influences people's tendency to become socially aggressive. d.)confirmation bias. )light exposure therapy. b. )disruptive mood dysregulation disorder, Which of the following is a new diagnostic label in DSM-5? )less curiosity about their environment. c.)moral instinct Evolutionary psychology maintains that sex differences develop biologically as people adapt to changes in the environment. a. )an external locus of control. c.)organic )the mere exposure effect. Abraham Maslow suggested that individuals who are open, spontaneous, and not paralyzed by the opinions of others display: Under hypnosis, they typically expressed a second personality when prompted to do so by the examining psychiatrist. Dr. Miller is most likely a(n): It is these programspsychological mechanismsthat are products of natural selection. Thus, genes are said to be: Dr. Miller is studying the evolution of behavior and the mind, using principles of natural selection. Extremely stressful experiences can change overall optimistic explanatory styles into more pessimistic styles. The value of eye movement desensitization and reprocessing (EMDR) is in part due to the effectiveness of b.)altruism. a.)schizophrenia. c.)hope, a new perspective, and a caring relationship. Although her work performance is adequate, Gina almost always feels slightly down and sad. )personality traits. Alternately, only one partner at any one time (serial monogamy) as compared to the various forms of non-monogamy (e.g., polygamy or polyamory).The term is also applied to the social behavior of some animals, referring to the state of . a. a. Evolutionary psychology is a relatively new branch of the behavioral sciences. d.)being unaware of the fact that she has an eating disorder, _____ can be described as the use of psychological techniques to increase understanding and treat emotional, behavioral, and interpersonal problems. d.)foot-in-the-door phenomenon. \hline c.)avoidant Jonah has schizophrenia. D) overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. B) overemphasizing humans' capacity to learn and adapt to a variety of environments. Oxygen deprivation at the time of birth is a known risk factor for: overestimating cultural differences in human sexual behaviors. Cancer survivors who develop a fresh delight in their children and who begin to savor the joy of each new day best illustrate: Evolutionary psychology studies the evolution of behavior andthe mind using principles of humanistic psychology. Similar to this, evolutionary psychologists contend that women may emphasize long-term relationships more strongly since such partnerships are better for rearing children. )"Objectivity does not guarantee validity." 564 The reproductive advantage enjoyed by organisms best suitedto a particular environment is . d)bisexual. d.)fundamental attribution error. a. d.)ECT. answer choices. a. )"It works better on males than on females." a. )cognitive dissonance theory c.)hallucinations. teens. b. c.)phallic d.)social facilitation. )maladaptive disorder c.)cooperation and social success at school. b. ", Personality inventories are to _______________ as projective tests are to _______________. O. d. None of the above are correct to the nearest cent. )A young woman marries a successful middle-aged man. Memory can be defined as the internal storage or faculty that stores the information and facilitates in retrieval whenever required. c.)panic disorder. His best strategy would be to ask the students to: A) conduct their own experiments. The process involves encoding, storing and retrieval. b. Sets of expected behaviors for males and for females are called: Six-year-old Jennifer believes that men become doctors and women become nurses. a. b. d.)major depression. )the motivation to fulfill one's potential. Since the time of Darwin, there have been many other scientists who have. )decreasing rate of depression. Cognition involves processes related to thinking, attention, memory, perception, problem-solving, knowing etc. a. a. )avoidant personality disorder. c.)schizophrenia. d.)major depressive disorder. a. c.)a dispositional attribution. c.)objective scoring; subjective scoring b. After three days of taking a selective serotonin reuptake inhibitor (SSRI) Dennis is disappointed because he is not feeling any better. )repetitive transcranial magnetic stimulation (rTMS). )People in the psychotherapy group improve at about the same rate as the people in the untreated group. What was the increase or decrease in the agencys net position for the period examined? )4 weeks home environment and school environment. This best illustrates the impact of gender typing )obsessive-compulsive disorder )generalized anxiety disorder c.)overly permissive child-rearing practices. b. c.)foot-in-the-door phenomenon. The main focus in evolutionary psychology is reproduction of future generations. Dr. Miller is most likely a (n): a) evolutionary psychologist. 1 in combination with 2 directs our attention as researchers not to parts of the brain but to the programs run by the brain. but when his son has a fistfight he says, "Did you win?!" c.)linkage analysis. b. d.)1 week, A patient recently admitted to the hospital is complaining of auditory hallucinations. d.)interpersonal psychotherapy. religious beliefs; personality traits b. This best illustrates, Mutations are gene replication errors that lead to a change in the sequence of, Evolutionary psychology would be most helpful for understanding the ________ human aggression. d. What is the probability that AAA or B3B_3B3 occurs? a. b. )cognitive dissonance theory. Compared with women, men are more likely to: c. perceive simple friendliness as a sexual come-on. )token economy. Evolutionary psychology is most likely to emphasize that human adaptiveness to a variety of different environments has contributed to 4) reproductive success. )the reality principle; the pleasure principle, According to Freud, the ego is guided by the _____, whereas the id is guided by the _____. )behavior geneticists. )She can set up the learning laboratory in a room above a restaurant. d.)discouraging clients from using antianxiety or antidepressant drugs. Males' superiority on most spatial tasks has been attributed to the adaptive demands of hunting. hippocampus )rapidly in response to a stressful life situation. Question 1. c.)the bystander effect. His doctor told him that it is likely that he smokes so much because: a. Due to a random error in genetic replication, a lion is born with a heightened sense of smell. c.)free-floating anxiety. As group leaders, women are ________ likely than men to promote a democratic leadership style. twenties. )binge eating an purging by self-induced vomitting, Patricia has been diagnosed with bulimia nervosa. b. b. )2 weeks genes or prenatal factors play a role in handedness. The threadlike structures that contain genes are called Amanda blames herself for her recent job loss. a. a. Dr. Donelian wants to reduce his students' perception that psychological experiments merely document the obvious. c.)increase; do not increase According to a recent survey of 1,200 people, 61%61 \%61% feel that the president is doing an acceptable job. c.)normative social influence. b. d.)genetic predispositions have little effect on our social relationships. b. )waking up from a nap and momentarily thinking that a dream event really happened The market prices of the investments are, AmericanInstrumentsbonds$850,000M&DCorporationbonds$1,460,000(Hint:Interestmustbeaccrued. b. \text{(Hint: Interest must be accrued. )patient's unconscious attempts to block the process of revealing repressed memories and conflicts. Parents should not take too much blame for the failures and shortcomings of their children because: d. parental behavior is only one of many factors that influence children's behavior, Those who inappropriately attribute children's troubling personality traits to inadequate parental nurture should be reminded of the importance of, Identical twins who have separate placentas are somewhat less similar than identical twins who share a placenta. a. However, it also raises the question of how an omnipotent and morally perfect God can allow so much pain and suffering in the world. )generalized anxiety disorder Males in their ________ are most likely to be sexually attracted to women who are several years older rather than several years younger than themselves. a.)asexual. d. heritability. The chances for recovery from schizophrenia are considered to be greatest when the disorder develops: a. )mere exposure effect )antisocial personality. )flat affect. d.)striving for superiority. d.)psychoanalytic, a. Uploaded By Jah70ssan. )loss of appetite, especially for high-calorie foods )do not increase; do not increase In this case, the heritability would be closest to. c.)obsessive-compulsive disorder c.)have increased autonomic nervous system arousal when awaiting aversive events. b. )systematic desensitization. c.)patient's inability to distinguish between real events and dream images. b. d.)stress inoculation training. c.)are genetically predisposed. An evolutionary psychologist would suggest that people are genetically predisposed to: )None of these would be an explanation for why your friend yelled at you. c.)the need to belong. b. a.)2:3. c.)cognitive dissonance phenomenon. synapses. a. The question of the extent to which evolution can be directed consciously has, however, recently come to the fore of non-Marxist evolutionary theory as well, as in . In the original Milgram obedience experiment, men aged 20 to 50 had complied fully ________ percent of the time. While Thomas disagrees with his boss, he laughs at the joke anyway to gain her approval. )medical a.)obsessions. 31. This best illustrates that anxiety disorders may result from: b. You respond by saying: Pain is a ubiquitous phenomenon. d.)gender schema theorists. )\begin{array}{lr} This best illustrates: )low self-esteem. People who are troubled by repetitive thoughts or actions are suffering from: genomes. )the trait perspective. a. chromosomes. C) behavior genetics. c.)quadrupled rate of reported juvenile violent crime. b. The only reason she survived is because her husband came home from work early. . Identical twins separated at birth would be most likely to have similar d.)disorganized thoughts. a. The stability of personality during adulthood is best evaluated by: d.)increase; increase, c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life, Which of the following is an example of a dissociative experience that is pathological or abnormal? Men rape women much more frequently than women rape men. 5 min read. c.)the fundamental attribution error. nature and nurture. d.)an impaired theory of mind. c.)use the double-blind technique. )the bystander effect. a. c.)A young man marries a fertile woman who has two children by a previous partner. )sexual dysfunctions. a. e. Consider the following joint probability table. However, when examining . a. d.)less; less. a. b. )attitudes toward and interaction with school authorities. c.)cyclothymic disorder. b. lateralization. c.)being unable to remember one's own name or other important details about one's own life c.)generalized anxiety disorder. a. a. DNA; genes )an eclectic approach. The social-cognitive perspective has linked the experience of depression with: One strategy to evaluate the effectiveness of psychotherapy is to compare people who enter psychotherapy with a matched control group of people who do not receive psychotherapy.