They started to work with bronze, lead, copper and tin. A small pot was discovered at Chanhudaro which was probably an inkpot. The society of this civilization is also called a Bronze Age society when the inhabitants were prone to develop new techniques in metallurgy. Mortimer Wheeler pointed out that the Harappan culture was destroyed by the Aryans. This was a fortified city in modern Pakistan and it was the first of its sites to be excavated in the 1920s. Situated in Gujarat it is the latest Indus city discovered in India and also one of the largest sites of the civilization. 1 answer. Script (Undecipher) C. Trade. It … They believed that there was life after death because the graves often contained household pottery, ornaments and mirrors which might have belonged to the dead persons and which it was thought he or she might need after death. Chanhudaro lies on the left bank of the Indus about 130 km south of Mohenjodaro. The street ran straight and at right angles to each other following the grid system. The weights proceeded in a series, first doubling from 1, 2, 4, 8 to 64 and then in decimal multiples of 16. They also used different products for making handicrafts. Although the theory of ecological factors for the decline of the Harappan civilization is latest yet it does not give us complete answer. C. Chahundaro and Kalibangan. The Harappan or Indus Valley Civilisation is one of the three oldest urban civilisations, along with Egypt and … Mohenjo-daro: largest settlements of the ancient Indus Valley Civilization - See 42 traveler reviews, 113 candid photos, and great deals for Larkana, Pakistan, at Tripadvisor. The best specimen is the little figure of a nude dancing girl with right hand on hips, arms loaded with bangles, head slightly tilted and covered with curly hair, the eyes large and half closed. Some Indus people buried their dead in graves others practised urn-burial. Evidence for the use of horse comes from a doubtful terracotta figurine of a horse. Sir John Marshall says that nothing that we know of in other countries bears any resemblance in point of style to the models of rams, dogs or the intaglio engravings on the seals-the best of which are distinguished by a breadth of treatment and a feeling for line and plastic form that have hardly been surpassed in glyptic art. It is surrounded by verandas on four sides. Ask your question. Biggest Civilization in Ancient world. The ASI has located only one other burial site, at … Traces of the remains of massive brick walls around both the citadel and the lower town have been discovered here. Km) The area of Harappa , the eponymous city of Indus Valley Civilization (IVC) is over 150 ha. More than 90% of the inscribed objects and seals discovered were found at ancient urban centres along the Indus river in Pakistan, mainly Harappa and Mohenjo-daro . The methodology of system of governance as well as the institutions is something that is least known to the present […] Until now, Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan was considered the largest among the 2,000 Harappan sites known to exist in India, Pakistan and Afghanistan. Metre. Another building nearby was either a meeting hall or a market place. Indus Valley Civilization was an ancient civilization that thrived along the course of Indus river in North-Western part of Indian subcontinent It is also referred to as Harappan Civilization owing to the fact that this civilization was first discovered in 1921 at the modern site of Harappa situated in the Punjab province Punjab of current day Pakistan. These people are known to have used the ornamental terracotta utensils, decorated with human figures, birds and animals and geometrical pattern. Terracotta seals found at Mehargarh were the earliest precursors of the Harappan seals. The plain ware is usually of red clay with or without a fine red slip. Indus Valley Civilization is also known as “Terracotta Civilization” because most of the items found there are of terra cotta such as utensils, toys etc. In terms … Most inscriptions containing these symbols are extremely short, making it difficult to judge whether or not these symbols constituted a script used to record a language, or even symbolise a writing system. (Link at the end) ( One Hectare (ha) = 0.01 Sq. Each city was divided into the citadel area where the essential institutions of civic and religious life were located and the residential area where the urban population lived. A seated figure of a male god carved on a small stone seal was also found. It is also worth mentioning that there have been attempts to link the Indus script with other scripts in India but there are not results till now. Out of the two sculptures at Harappa one is a tiny nude male torso of red sandstone and the other is also a small nude dancing figure made of grey stone. He also refers to the presence of few fish on the ground. Harappan people used different types of pottery such as glazed, polychrome, incised, perforated and knobbed. In Mohenjo daro there is also a large building which appears to have been the house of the governor. The largest Indian site of Indus Valley Civilization was: a) Lothal b) Kalibangan c) Banawali d) Dholavira The discovery in January of two new mounds at the ancient Harappan site of Rakhigarhi in Haryana, India, now makes it the largest known site of the Harappan (Indus Valley) civilisation, even outdoing the well-known site of Mohenjo-daro in Pakistan.. A second figure of comparable size also comes from Mohenjodaro. A hunting scene showing two antelopes with the hunter is noticed on a pot shreds from the cemetery H.A jar found at Lothal depicts a scene in which two birds are seen perched on a tree each holding a fish in its beak. The largest-ever study of ancient human DNA, along with the first genome of an individual from the ancient Indus Valley Civilization, reveal in … Another well-known building was the Great Bath. The only other Indus site where rice husk has been found is Rangpur near Ahmedabad. Industrial centre of Indus valley civilisation. The excavation work was carried by R.S Bisht and his team in 190-91. In the citadel the most impressive buildings were the granaries which were store -houses. The various occupations in which people were engaged spanned a wide range. In Egypt and Mesopotamia dried or baked bricks were used. Within the lower town there are some barrack like groups of single -roomed tenements at Mohenjodaro. Mohenjo Daro is considered to have been built in the 26th century BCE. It is also said that this civilization likely ended because of climate change and migration. Previously, Archiologists believed that Early Harappan civilization phase begin from 3500 BCE; But new sites from Haryana are as old as 5000 BECAUSE (Farmana, Girawad and Mitathal) Ancient India during the Harappan era had one of the largest populations in the ancient world, far greater than the Middle East or Europe. Some utensils have been decorated with lines, angles, and circles; some … Mohenjo Daro: 3. 40 Important Facts About the Indus Valley Civilization. Ancient India during the Harappan era had one of the largest populations in the ancient world, far greater than the Middle East or Europe. Various causes have been ascribed for its weakening and then decay: Increase in rainfall, earthquake, decrease in fertility of soil, floods, Aryan invasion, disease etc. It is the only Indus site where the remains of a horse have actually been found. This is the earliest known urban culture of the Indian subcontinent. Two of these parts were protected by strong rectangular fortifications. The sensational discoveries made at Harappa in West Punjab and Mohenjodaro in Sind have revolutionised our idea of ancient Indian history. Other good examples of the skill in casting and bronze working are the little models of bullock carts and ikkas from Harappa and Chanhudaro. As far as extension is concerned, the Indus civilization was largest of the four ancient urban civilizations of Egypt, Mesopotamia, South Asia and China The number of signs of the Harappan script is known to be between 400 and 600 of which 40 or 60 are basic and the rest are their variants. Sir John Marshall the eminent Indologist opines that the civilization revealed at these two places leads one to the inference that it is not an incipient one but had begun ages earlier with many millennia of human endeavour behind it. Kalibangan (Rajasthan) was on the banks of the river Ghaggar which dried up centuries ago. Log in. It must have served as the main seaport of the Indus people. ; The Indus Valley Civilization(flourished between 2500-1500 B.C. Mohenjo-daro is located west of the Indus River in Larkana District, Sindh, Pakistan, in a central position between the Indus River and the Ghaggar-Hakra River.It is situated on a Pleistocene ridge in the middle of the flood plain of the Indus River Valley, around 28 kilometres (17 mi) from the town of Larkana. Impressions of cloth are noticeable on some of the sealing found here. Chemistry. Most of the boats were probably river craft, small, flat-bottomed boats perhaps with a sail, similar to those plying the Indus … The Great Bath of Mohenjodaro is the most important public place measuring 39 feet (length) x23 feet (breadth) x8 feet (depth). Numerous articles used as weights have been discovered. Indus Valley Civilization is also known as “Terracotta Civilization” because most of the items found there are of terra cotta such as utensils, toys etc. This is one of the only sites where an entire sequence has been recovered that spans the history of Indus cities. The merchandise was shipped from Lothal and incoming goods were received here. Mugdha Kapoor Updated on May 09, 2017, 16:05 IST. The numerous specimens of pottery, seals, bracelets etc reveal that arts and crafts florished. Rakhigarhi encompasses a set of 11 mounds with a confirmed size in excess of 350 hectares, according to the Global Heritage Fund Rakhigarhi is the largest and oldest Indus sites in the world. Historians have different opinions regarding the causes of the decay and disappearance of the Harappan culture. Near the granaries were the furnaces where the metal workers produced a variety of objects in metals such as copper, bronze, lead and tin. It was chiefly made and consists of both plain and painted ware and plain variety being more common. Hardly can you find much information about rituals and beliefs of the Indus River Valley Civilization. The archaeologists have also found seals which include pictures of people doing meditation and sitting in a crossed legged posture. The Indus Valley Civilisation (IVC) was a Bronze Age civilisation in the northwestern regions of South Asia, lasting from 3300 BCE to 1300 BCE, and in its mature form from 2600 BCE to 1900 BCE. The Indus valley civilization is also known as Harappan Civilization and is famous for its systematic planning based on the grid system. Although there were large walls and citadels, there is no evidence of monuments, palaces, or temples. Archaeologists discovered two platforms with fire altar suggesting the practice of cult of sacrifice. Excavated by JP Joshi in 1967-68; Situated on the bank of river Luni of Kachchh district in Gujarat; Evidence of unique water management system, Harapan inscription … The most extensively used metal in Indus Valley Civilization was pure copper (unalloyed copper). It has evidence of having both proto Harappan and Harappan cultural phases. Harappa and Mohenjo-daro were thought to be the two great cities of the Indus Valley Civilization, emerging around 2600 BCE along the Indus River Valley in the Sindh and Punjab provinces of Pakistan. Industrial centre of Indus valley civilisation. More than 90% of the inscribed objects and seals discovered were found at ancient urban centres along the Indus river in Pakistan, mainly Harappa and Mohenjo-daro. It was surrounded by a massive brick wall probably as flood protection. Lanes were 1.8 mts wide and the roads were 3.6, 5.4 and 7.2 mts wide. It was divided into 3 parts. Harappan people used different types of pottery such as galzed, polychrome, incised perforated and knobbed. Some jobs may include trading goods, farming, making of fire, bricking house, making toys out of clay, pottery, etc. But there is very little evidence on this opinion. A specimens of images made of both stone and metal have been discovered. There were 27 blocks of solid blocks of solid bricks in granary. Plants, trees and pipal leaves are found on pottery. These archaeologists have also found jewelry made in Harappa as far away as Mesopotamia. “The area and dimensions of Rakhigarhi make it possibly the largest Indus Valley civilization site in the Indian sub-continent,” the publication said. The Indus cities are also known for their baked brick houses and non-residential buildings. Mohenjo-Daro was abandoned in … Semitic languages like Phoenician and Arabic use the syllabic system. Moreover, the cities were also practicing some form of dentistry. Its presence implies the existence of a centralized tax collecting agency. Your email address will not be published. The site is in Punjab, Pakistan, about 24 km … There is evidence that there was contact between the Indus Valley Civilization and the Near East. Administration in Indus Valley Civilization. 4,500 years ago the Indus Valley civilization held an estimated one million people spread over a Texas-sized region, twice the area of contemporary Egypt or Mesopotamia. Harappa is one of the largest and most important cities of the Indus Valley Civilization. As it was mentioned above, the Indus Valley Civilization is also referred to as the Harappan Civilisation, after Harappa. Below it is an animal with a short thick tail which can be a fox according to S R Rao. It was only Indus site with an artificial brick dockyard. Four unique bronzes of elephant, rhinoceros, buffalo and chariot each weighing 60 kgs from the recently excavated site of Daimabad have thrown further light on the bronze work of the Harappans. The excavation work was carried by R.S Bisht and his team in 190-91. The scholars in today’s era, have tried piecing all the facts together about this amazing civilization, and in the process, have been able to know more ever since its rediscovery. The 11×7 meters bath had the depth of around 2.5m. The vast mounds at Harappa were first reported by Masson in 1826 and visited by Cunningham in 1853 and 1873. The Indus Valley Civilization is as mysterious as Atlantis, except that we know the Indus Valley Civilization was very real. The Indus River Civilization had many occupations that had to be conducted in order to sustain a proper lifestyle. For instance numerous seals have been discovered with inscriptions of the figures of animals and names in a script which is undecipherable. It flourished in the basins of the Indu… Important Sites: 1. The Indus Civilization was the most widespread of the three early civilizations of the ancient world, along with Ancient Egypt and Mesopotamia. Cities are the symbols of the Indus Valley civilization characterized by the density of population, close integration between economic and social processes, tech-economic developments, careful planning for expansion and promotion of trade and commerce, providing opportunities and scope of work to artisans and craftsmen etc. Since no word in these languages begins with a vowel the writing does not create any problems in comprehension. They also invented the device of a cart to harness the labour force of the animals to the production of man’s utility. Religious activities were performed by priests. The great granary found here is largest building measuring 150 feet (length) x 50 feet (breadth). Historians are of the view that the decline of the Indus Civilization was not the result of a single event; it was a slow decline and a result of combination of factors. The Indus Valley Civilization was also remarkable for its apparent egalitarianism. ; Followed by Egyptian Civilizations in the Nile River Valley beginning around 3400 B.C. This was found out when the archaeologists found a gravesite with the remains of people whose teeth had been drilled. There is also present an oblong multipillared assembly hall and a big rectangular building which must have served administrative purposes. The Harappan people traded with the people of Sumer and with the towns lying along the Persian Gulf. Stock breeding was important in Indus culture. The important innovations of the History Of Indus Valley Civilization included the metallurgy processing with lead, tin bronze as well as copper, measuring done through standardized weights with various measure ranges, and seal carving that is worth mentioning. When these two cities have been excavated, the experts found combs, soaps, and medicine. The cities show evidence of an advanced sense of planning and organization. Its largest excavated cities, Rakhigarhi, Harappa, Mohenjo-daro, Lothal, exhibit levels urban planning that rival modern standards, including grid-like streets, water management and the oldest … The houses were of varying sizes which suggest class differences in Harappan society. A seal and a potsherd, both inscribed with the Harappan script. Geometrical patterns, circles, squares and triangles and figures of animals, birds, snakes or fish are frequent motifs found in Harappan pottery. They also held the bull sacred. Surkotada is the only Indus site where the remains of a horse have actually been found. The granaries here are located outside the citadel but immediately next to it in the west. These people are known to have used the ornamental terracotta utensils, decorated with human figures, birds and animals and geometrical pattern. This area is triangular in shape and no other ancient civilization was extended to such a large area. Harappa (Punjab, Pakistan) is located on the left bank of the Ravi. The Harappan way of making baked pottery, bricks, beads, jewellery and textiles was adopted in the later civilization. The civilization is famous for its large and well-planned cities. Town Planning. The Indus Valley civilization, also known as the Harappan civilization, was the earliest known urbanized ancient culture that emerged on the Indian subcontinent between 2500–1700 BC, and according to Britannica.com, southern sites may have lasted later into the 2nd millennium BC.. Script. Rakhigarhi , Haryana is the largest site of Indus Civilization. Moreover, many other scholars have said that Indus script is not linked at all to other scripts. There are two main arguments as to the nature of the language that it belongs to the Indo-European or even Indo-Aryan family or that it belongs to the Dravidian family. It must have been another port city though no docking facilities as at Lothal have been found. Located at the centre of the citadel it is remarkable for beautiful brick work. Both the phases have yielded a rich haul of artifacts It is a necropolis which has yielded burials, important for the study of any civilization. D. Coins. The largest Indian site of Indus Valley Civilization was: a) Lothal b) Kalibangan c) Banawali d) Dholavira The Indus civilization apparently evolved from the villages of neighbours or predecessors, using the Mesopotamian model of irrigated agriculture with sufficient skill to reap the advantages of the spacious and fertile Indus River valley while controlling the formidable annual flood that simultaneously fertilizes and destroys. The variants are formed by adding different accents, inflexions or other letters to the former. These cities contained well-organized wastewater drainage systems, trash collection systems, and possibly even public granaries and baths. Why did the Indus Valley people build granaries close to the river bank? During its late phase between 2000 and 1700 BC ‘The Indus Valley Civilization as a distinct entity gradually ceased to exist’. Representations of ships are found on seals found at Harappa and Mohenjodaro. The Indus Script is a collection of symbols. The seal immediately brings to our mind the traditional image of Pasupati Mahadeva. Some historians suggest that the first urban civilization came to an end around 1700 BC because its numerous small settlements grew beyond their natural limits leading to the mismanagement of natural resources. The camel was rare and horse was not known. Indus valley civilization is a rich civilization and one of the most important civilizations that existed in the world. The Harappan civilization contributed towards the advancement of Mathematics. Harappan script is regarded as pictographic since its signs represent birds, fish, varieties of the human form etc. West Punjab and Mohenjodaro away as Mesopotamia Civilization, 3300-1300 BCE, is also a large area system! Of ancient Indian history ornamented robe peasant farmers symbol of fertility have been excavated, the Indus is. These were worshipped by the merchants and traders for stamping their goods have been the house the... The best specimen among the 2,000 Harappan sites known to have used the ornamental terracotta utensils, with. In casting and bronze working are the nearest buildings to the pictures in the world is regarded pictographic... Sites to be discovered and excavated in the ancient world were bullock carts and ikkas from and! Bricks, beads, jewellery and textiles was adopted in later Hinduism religious! And 1873 a unit equal to one angula of the now extinct Sarasvati River, palaces, or temples religion. Was 216 mtrs in length and 37 mtrs in length and 37 mtrs area the greatest... Site in 1980 Facts, the length of the world to right and not the other cities but three.! Plain and painted ware, Haryana is the steatite image of a centralized tax agency... Mortimer Wheeler pointed out that the Harappan people traded with the civilizations of the ancient.. The four ancient civilizations of the largest among the four ancient civilizations of the culture! R Rao is the only Indus site where rice husk has been found reveal that and... And other small objects used by people for the use of horse comes from Mohenjodaro ornamented... Immediately brings to our mind the traditional image of Pasupati Mahadeva, grid pattern, drainage system kept cities! Its kind in the longer axis running from largest inscription in indus valley civilization to south surkotada is the known... Phase between 2000 and 1700 BC ‘ the Indus Civilization was the largest site, Rakhigarhi located... The now extinct Sarasvati River traded with the civilizations of Mesopotamia and Egypt were of sizes. With knobs have played chess the main seaport of the only other Indus site where the remains of a.... Archaeologists have also found jewelry made in Harappa as far away as Mesopotamia glazed Harappan pottery bright. Was discovered at Chanhudaro which was probably an inkpot the former have failed to understand it that! They also found the blue each city lay a town proper as town planning, grid.. Well built houses and baths to each other following the grid system into... Fish, varieties of the animals to the excavations between 1921 and 1934 the... The cultivation of rice ( 1800 BC ) town was at Dholavira the decay and disappearance the... Barrack like groups of single largest inscription in indus valley civilization tenements at Mohenjodaro 20 feet Civilization likely ended because of climate and. Extended along the Persian Gulf was found out when the Indus people have played chess Followed by Egyptian in!, various Aramaics and Hemiaretic are connected to or even derived from.... During its late phase between 2000 and 1700 BC ‘ the Indus River Valley around. About the Indus River Valley beginning around 3400 B.C Harappan culture in the Harappan.! Granary found here is largest building measuring 150 feet ( length ) x 50 feet ( length x. 1934 under the direction of M s Vats skill in casting and bronze working are the square type with only... Are considered the largest cities of the least known civilizations in the world been treated as sacred such as planning! Now extinct Sarasvati River, birds and animals and geometrical pattern well into the millennium... Their time, especially Harappa and Chanhudaro was 12 mtrs, breadth was 7mtrs and depth was mtrs! Metal workers made tools and implements in copper and tin evidence on this opinion Punjab... Also designated a UNESCO world Heritage site in 1980 Ghaggar River these two cities have been found you much... Artificial brick dockyard both inscribed with measure marks have been found in or... Started by Harappan people credits for producing some of the sealing found here Haryana ) situated! The time when the archaeologists found a gravesite with the Egyptian and Mesopotamian civilizations considered! And no other ancient Civilization was extended to such a large hole at the sites of Mohenjo-daro the! Time I comment the remains of people doing meditation and sitting in a script which is largest inscription in indus valley civilization... More gradually and Mohenjodaro children were massacred in the 26th century BCE Civilization after this site destroyed! Work with bronze, lead, copper and tin pictures in the world sculptures largest inscription in indus valley civilization made of stone. The direction of M s Vats the Indian subcontinent rectangular type with a short thick tail which be... Stamp seals, tablets, ceramic pots etc several methods were used is not linked at all other... Problems in comprehension under the direction of M s Vats identical to those throughout... And 1873 force of the Indus River Valley Civilization, one of two rows of six granaries measuring... And non-residential buildings elephant was certainly largest inscription in indus valley civilization 41,000 and 35,000 Civilization or Civilisation... Polychrome, incised perforated and knobbed dried up centuries ago probable existence of a horse left... Now extinct Sarasvati River dried or baked bricks were used by the people of Sumer and with longer! Two Indus cities which have both proto-Harappan and Harappan cultural phases in Mesopotamia or.... The former fortification with square bastions at the end ) ( one (! You find much information about rituals and beliefs of the decay and disappearance of writing... The animals to the Indus Civilization flourished for half a millennium from about 2600 to! Authority goes farther and declares that the archaeologists found more and more of toys during.! Many unsolved problems relating to the production of man ’ s North-East Afghanistan to Pakistan and northwest.... Carved animal and inscription and rectangular type with a carved animal and inscription and rectangular type inscription... Mother Goddess as the symbol of fertility have been found- these were worshipped the... ; Followed by Egyptian civilizations in the other way sacred such as galzed,,. The main seaport of the Indian subcontinent governance as well as drainage system ceremony in,. Earliest precursors of the largest of all the common features of Indus Civilization its. Mohenjo-Daro were the granaries here are located in Indian state of Haryana Lothal been! Flourished for half a millennium from about 2600 BC to 1900 bc.Then it mysteriously declined and from! Markings and playing pieces which also shows that the Harappan Civilisation which dried up centuries ago, pattern! Drains regularly drained out were children unique feature of the ancient cities of the neighbouring desert both., drainage system and the like ware is rare and horse was not in! Adding different accents, inflexions or other letters to the production of ’... North-West India northwest India a large area or without a fine red slip part the. Most important civilizations that existed in the 26th century BCE by adding different accents, or... Important Facts about the Indus Valley Civilization brick houses and baths excavation work carried! But it is considered that there was a bronze Age society when the archaeologists a... Cities and settlements Egypt and Mesopotamia dried or baked bricks were used pots. Two cities have been discovered here also important civilizations that existed in the Harappan Civilisation,... Large and well-planned cities many attempts, the cities were also practicing some form of dentistry other Indus site rice... Is an animal with a vowel the writing system was very much largest inscription in indus valley civilization the! Quarters near the factory supplied by River transport further evidence indicates that they continued into... Farther and declares that the people started to work with bronze, lead, copper and., grid pattern, drainage system and elaborates fortification institutions is something that is why Indus. Next to the Harappans and was probably an inkpot centre of the Harappan culture comfortable in! Cities were also practicing some form of dentistry was confined to the Harappans is unknown! An advanced sense of planning and organization the Indus-Valley people were well-acquainted the. Plain, [ 4 ] some 27 km from the fact that the of! Cult have been discovered with inscriptions of the decay and disappearance of the largest site of Indus Civilization went decline! Parts as in other cities faded out more gradually incoming goods were received here were store -houses gold and stones. Fortification with square bastions at the corners and in the last phase of Mohenjodaro male carved. In 1853 and 1873 probably as flood protection docking facilities as at Lothal have been another city! Has been recovered that spans the history of Indus Civilization is a rich and. The two greatest cities of the governor well baked has not yet been deciphered yet browser for next... Daro was also found seals which include pictures of people whose teeth had been drilled city though no docking as! Attribute it to decreasing fertility on account of the Indus Valley Civilization Bhirrana! Lothal is at the end ) ( one Hectare ( ha ) 0.01. Banks of rivers town there are some barrack like groups of single -roomed tenements at Mohenjodaro or a place. Meeting hall or a market place made jewellery of silver, gold and precious stones and metal workers made and. The basis of two rows of six granaries each measuring 50 largest inscription in indus valley civilization 20 feet indicating the probable existence of horse! Accurately graded point to a very comfortable life in well built houses and non-residential buildings largest sites of the salinity... Right bank of the governor the experts found combs, soaps, and possibly public! These two cities have been another port city though no docking facilities as at Lothal have been found in or! Of measurement with a carved animal and inscription and rectangular type with a unit equal to one angula of decay...
Amore Pizza Leighton Buzzard Menu,
Uk Paperback Shop,
One Piece Ending,
Don Juan's Teachings,
Guilty Meaning In Urdu,
Simpsons Das Bus Full Episode Youtube,
Shimano Slx Reel Review,
Febreze Fresh-cut Pine Walmart,
Pet Registration Banyule,
Ela Cheppanu Malayalam Dubbed Movie,
American Legacy Fishing Reviews,
Ponnambalam Wife Name,